Switching to fast growth: the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in skeletal muscle of Atlantic salmon

Bower, Neil I.; Li, Xuejun; Taylor, Richard G.; Johnston, Ian A.

doi:10.1242/jeb.024117

Cited by 130 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Interestingly, however, when IGF-1 transgenic fish were raised in the same tank as control fish, we observed a significant loss in skeletal muscle mass compared with the control fish. Additionally, there was a shift in production of white muscle toward more oxidative red muscle [37,38], together with increased oxygen consumption rates in the IGF-1 transgenic fish. These results provide an excellent in vivo model for a global understanding of the effects of teleost IGF-1 on myogenic cell differentiation and proliferation and energy homeostasis in teleosts.…”

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine regulation of somatic growth in fishes

Dai

Zhang

Zhuo

et al. 2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Growth is a polygenic trait that is under the influence of multiple physiological pathways regulating energy metabolism and muscle growth. Among the possible growth-regulating pathways in vertebrates, components of the somatotropic axis are thought to have the greatest influence. There is growing body of literature focusing on the somatotropic axis and its role regulating growth in fish. This includes research into growth hormone, upstream hypothalamic hormones, insulin-like growth factors, and downstream signaling molecules. Many of these signals have both somatic effects stimulating the growth of tissues and metabolic effects that play a role in nutrient metabolism. Signals of other endocrine axes exhibit profound effects on the function of the somatotropic axis in vivo. In this review we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the teleost fish endocrine somatotropic axis, including emerging research using genetic modified models. These studies have revealed new aspects and challenges associated with regulation of the important steps of somatic growth. somatic growth, endocrine regulation, fish Citation:

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Section: Insulin-like Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine regulation of somatic growth in fishes

Dai

Zhang

Zhuo

et al. 2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…Igf1 transcripts have been detected in unfertilized gilthead sea bream eggs and its later expression appears to be tissue-and age-dependent, with skeletal muscle displaying high immunoreactivity (Perrot et al 1999). In Atlantic salmon, increased igf1 expression marks the transition from zero to fast growth and is followed by the increased expression of myosin genes including mlc2 (Bower et al 2008). Three alternatively spliced transcripts of igf1 have been isolated in the gilthead sea bream (Tiago et al 2008) and each has a distinct expression pattern during development.…”

Section: Gene Expression and Muscle Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient up- and down-regulation of expression of myosin light chain 2 and myostatin mRNA mark the changes from stratified hyperplasia to muscle fiber hypertrophy in larvae of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)

et al. 2015

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Hyperplasia and hypertrophy are the two mechanisms by which muscle develops and grows. We study these two mechanisms, during the early development of white muscle in Sparus aurata, by means of histology and the expression of structural and regulatory genes. A clear stage of stratified hyperplasia was identified early in the development of gilthead sea bream but ceased by 35 dph when hypertrophy took over. Mosaic recruitment of new white fibers began as soon as 60 dph. The genes mlc2a and mlc2b were expressed at various levels during the main phases of hyperplasia and hypertrophy. The genes myog and mlc2a were significantly upregulated during the intensive stratified formation of new fibers and their expression was significantly correlated. Expression of mstn1 and igf1 increased at 35 dph, appeared to regulate the hyperplasia-to-hypertrophy transition, and may have stimulated the expression of mlc2a, mlc2b and col1a1 at the onset of mosaic hyperplasia. The up-regulation of mstn1 at transitional phases in muscle development indicates a dual regulatory role of myostatin in fish larval muscle growth.

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“…However, among the differently expressed genes of the growth process, the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 gene was found to be underexpressed in D~R# relative to L~D# individuals (log2 ratio of À1.15). As this gene was found to be overexpressed in fastgrowing Atlantic salmon (Bower et al, 2008), its expression regulation could potentially be involved in length differences observed in L~D# relative to D~R# individuals at this stage. However, the individual lengths within group were not significantly correlated with the abundances of gene transcripts.…”

Section: Gene Expression Among Crossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking transcriptomic and genomic variation to growth in brook charr hybrids (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill)

Bougas¹,

Normandeau²,

Audet³

et al. 2013

Heredity

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Hybridization can lead to phenotypic differences arising from changes in gene expression patterns or new allele combinations. Variation in gene expression is thought to be controlled by differences in transcription regulation of parental alleles, either through cis-or trans-regulatory elements. A previous study among brook charr hybrids from different populations (Rupert, Laval, and domestic) showing distinct length at age during early life stages also revealed different patterns in transcription regulation inheritance of transcript abundance. In the present study, transcript abundance using RNA-sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and allelic imbalance were assessed in order to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed transcriptomic and differences in length at age among domestic Â Rupert hybrids and Laval Â domestic hybrids. We found 198 differentially expressed genes between the two hybrid crosses, and allelic imbalance could be analyzed for 69 of them. Among these 69 genes, 36 genes exhibited cis-acting regulatory effects in both of the two crosses, thus confirming the prevalent role of cis-acting regulatory elements in the regulation of differentially expressed genes among intraspecific hybrids. In addition, we detected a significant association between SNP genotypes of three genes and length at age. Our study is thus one of the few that have highlighted some of the molecular mechanisms potentially involved in the differential phenotypic expression in intraspecific hybrids for nonmodel species.

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Switching to fast growth: the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in skeletal muscle of Atlantic salmon

Abstract: SUMMARY

Cited by 130 publications

References 61 publications

Neuroendocrine regulation of somatic growth in fishes

Neuroendocrine regulation of somatic growth in fishes

Transient up- and down-regulation of expression of myosin light chain 2 and myostatin mRNA mark the changes from stratified hyperplasia to muscle fiber hypertrophy in larvae of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)

Linking transcriptomic and genomic variation to growth in brook charr hybrids (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill)

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