Sykepleiere i hjemmebaserte tjenester – hvorfor fortsetter de i sin stilling?

Abstract

Sykepleiere som arbeider i helsetjenester i hjemmet har krav om høy kvalitet på sykepleieutøvelsen. Samtidig har Norge en sykepleiermangel og primærhelsetjenesten utfordringer med å rekruttere og beholde sykepleiere. Studien beskriver og fortolker hva som var viktig for å fortsette i sin stilling som sykepleier i helsetjenester i hjemmet. En kvalitativ design ble benyttet. Deltakerne var seks sykepleiere i alderen 26 til 60 år ansatt i helsetjenester i hjemmet i en distriktskommune. Data ble samlet inn gjennom individuelle intervju. Transkriberte intervju ble analysert ved hjelp av fenomenologisk-hermeneutisk metode. Resultatene er formulert som fire tema: Å være ønsket velkommen hos pasienter; å ha samhold med kollegaer og leder; å ha variasjon i arbeidshverdagen; å ferdes i naturskjønne omgivelser. Studien konkluderer med at det som synes å være viktig for at sykepleiere fortsetter i sin stilling, er å ha en opplevelse av å lykkes. Studien løfter fram at dette synes å være mulig for sykepleierne i helsetjenester i hjemmet. Det er mulig når sykepleierne inngår i en sammenheng som er meningsfull, begripelig og håndterbar. Fordi sykepleiere har en sentral rolle i helsetjenester i hjemmet, trengs det mer forskning på hvorfor sykepleiere fortsetter i sin stilling. 
 Abstract 
 High-quality nursing care is a goal and requirement in health services. The Norwegian primary health care is challenged by a shortage of nurses, difficulties with recruiting and retaining nurses. This study aims to describe and interpret important aspects allowing nurses working in home healthcare to remain in their current position. A qualitative research design was used. The setting was one district municipality’s home healthcare. Six nurses aged between 26 and 60 years were recruited through strategic sampling to individual interviews. Data were analyzed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method. Four themes emerged from the analysis: Being welcome at the patients’ home; experiencing community with colleagues and leader; experiencing work task variety; traveling in scenic surroundings. Thus, the significance of having a sense of coherence, comprehensibility, and manageability cannot be too strongly emphasized. The study indicates that remaining in home healthcare practice seems to revolve around achieving a sense of success as a nurse.

Understanding registered nurses’ career choices in home care services: a qualitative study

“…In line with previous research [ 6 , 87 ], our findings demonstrate the importance of home care services continuously working to ensure improved collaboration with other health care providers in order to reduce uncertainty and extra work for registered nurses. A sense of accomplishment has been identified as important for nurses’ intention to remain in home care services [ 28 ], and our results indicate that this guides additional career choices. In line with the principle of conservation of resources [ 38 ], acquiring resources makes nurses more employable and provides them with career opportunities inside and outside primary health care.…”

“…The shortage of registered nurses means that they can choose between many career options. Researchers have investigated the most and least satisfying aspects of work in primary health care [ 25 ], nurses’ job satisfaction and quality of life [ 26 , 27 ], and why home care nurses remain in their jobs [ 28 , 29 ]. Results of these studies identified autonomy, work-life balance, interaction with patients, role diversity, and patient-family interaction as satisfying aspects of work in primary health care and influence nurses’ intention to remain.…”