Symbiodinium sp. associations in the gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae in the Bahamas: high levels of genetic variability and population structure in symbiotic dinoflagellates

Santos, Scott R.; Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez, Carla; Lasker, Howard R.; Coffroth, Mary Alice

doi:10.1007/s00227-003-1065-0

Cited by 89 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This finding was consistent with other studies (Santos et al 2003, Howells et al 2009) indicating that endemism may be a common characteristic of Symbiodinium populations. Unfortunately, the presence of endemic Symbiodinium populations hinders definitive determination of the relative influence of host versus symbiont genotype on symbiotic specificity in Montastraea spp.…”

Section: Specificity In Cnidarian-symbiodinium Associationssupporting

confidence: 94%

Host hybridization alters specificity of cnidarian–dinoflagellate associations

Thornhill¹,

Doubleday²,

Kemp³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Scleractinian coral evolution is often characterized by alternating patterns of lineage diversification and fusion, thus leading to reticulate evolution. Although this pattern is hypothesized in many coral lineages, including the Montastraea annularis species complex, it is not known what effects cladogenesis and hybridization have on the symbioses between corals and their endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (genus Symbiodinium). To explore this, the genetic diversity of M. faveolata and M. annularis in the Upper Florida Keys, USA, and Exuma Cays, The Bahamas, was examined using a mtDNA intergenic region. The host genotypic data were then analyzed in relation to the diversity of the corals' Symbiodinium communities as determined by internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS2) and 3 microsatellite markers specific to Symbiodinium Clade B. M. faveolata and M. annularis in the Upper Florida Keys were genetically distinct from one another while these coral species in the Exuma Cays shared mtDNA haplotypes. These findings suggest possible regional differences in the degree of intergressive hybridization between M. faveolata and M. annularis. When Symbiodinium diversity was examined, Montastraea spp. from both regions shared Symbiodinium ITS2 genotypes; however, host -symbiont specificity was observed using higher resolution microsatellite markers. Specifically, M. faveolata and M. annularis from the Upper Florida Keys all harbored genetically distinct multilocus Clade B genotypes, whereas these 2 coral species in the Exuma Cays shared Clade B genotypes. Consequently, the degree of fine-scale specificity between Symbiodinium Clade B genotypes and Montastraea spp. appears to be governed by the degree of genetic distinction, and possibly hybridization, between these host 'species'. KEY WORDS: Symbiosis · Reticulate evolution · Coral reef · Endosymbiosis · Montastraea · Symbiodinium · ScleractiniaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Specificity In Cnidarian-symbiodinium Associationssupporting

confidence: 94%

Host hybridization alters specificity of cnidarian–dinoflagellate associations

Thornhill¹,

Doubleday²,

Kemp³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Octocorals are an important constituent of many coral reefs, and yet few studies have focused on Symbiodinium clade identity in octocorals (Goulet & Coffroth 2003a,b, 2004, Santos et al 2003b, Barneah et al 2004, van Oppen et al 2005. The data compiled in this study enabled a worldwide biogeographic synthesis of Symbiodinium clades in tropical octocoral species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Santos et al 2003b, Magalon et al 2006, the broad clade level, and all levels in between, with each level providing important information about the symbioses. Clade-level comparisons are informative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide biogeography of Symbiodinium in tropical octocorals

Goulet

Simmons²,

Goulet³

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Although octocorals are important components of coral reefs, most research on the genetic diversity of symbiotic zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium spp.) has focused on scleractinian (stony) corals. For both groups, most geographic comparisons have occurred within the same ocean or only included a few geographic sites. We characterized the genetic diversity of Symbiodinium in tropical octocorals in 15 geographic areas throughout the world. By combining octocoral samples analyzed in this study with published data, the cladal identities of zooxanthellae in 117 octocoral species were identified and a global analysis was performed. For 63 octocoral species, the Symbiodinium type was also identified. The vast majority (87.2%) of octocorals hosted a single zooxanthella clade. Most octocorals also hosted specific Symbiodinium types. A biogeographic pattern emerged. Octocorals from 4 geographic areas in the Indo-west Pacific hosted Symbiodinium C. In the Great Barrier Reef, 11 octocoral species (24.4%) hosted Symbiodinium D, 3 species hosted Symbiodinium G, and 1 species each hosted Symbiodinium A and B. Red Sea octocorals hosted predominantly Symbiodinium C, with Symbiodinium A occurring in 3 species. In Hawaii, 2 octocorals hosted Symbiodinium C and 1 hosted Symbiodinium A. In Bermuda, only clade B was found. In the Caribbean, unlike in the Indo-Pacific, the dominant Symbiodinium was B, predominantly type B1, with Symbiodinium C occurring in a few species. Understanding the similarities and differences between octocoral and scleractinian coral symbioses with zooxanthellae may enable predictions of which symbioses will survive in periods of environmental change.KEY WORDS: Symbiodinium · Zooxanthellae · Octocorals · Corals · GIS · Clade · RFLP · BiogeographyResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Divergent, host-specific and/or rare forms tend to have narrow geographic ranges and are probably endemic. These patterns of geographic partitioning are reinforced by genetic surveys at the 'population level' that have identified clear geographic structure within specific ITS lineages (Santos et al 2003(Santos et al , 2004.…”

Section: Emergent Patterns Of Symbiodinium Spp Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 92%