Symbiosis And The Origin Of Species

Bordenstein, Seth R.

doi:10.1201/9780203009918.ch17

Cited by 73 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Although controversial, Wolbachia has been suggested to promote speciation by preventing gene flow between infected and uninfected or differently infected populations (reviewed in Werren, 1998;Bordenstein, 2003). In Nasonia, Wolbachia has been shown to be a major contributor to reproductive incompatibility between N. longicornis and N. giraulti (Bordenstein et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presence of more than one incompatibility type has been found in a number of different insects including mosquitoes, fruit flies, beetles and wasps (Laven, 1959;Breeuwer and Werren, 1990;O'Neill and Karr, 1990;Montchamp-Moreau et al, 1991;PerrotMinnot et al, 1996;Bordenstein et al, 2001). Bidirectional CI (bi-CI) has attracted particular attention because of its potential role in preventing gene flow between two different incompatibility types and thus contributing to reproductive isolation and speciation (Breeuwer and Werren, 1990;Werren, 1998;Bordenstein et al, 2001;Bordenstein, 2003;Telschow et al, 2002Telschow et al, , 2005a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host genotype changes bidirectional to unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility in Nasonia longicornis

Raychoudhury

Werren

2011

Heredity

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Wolbachia are the most abundant maternally inherited endosymbionts of insects and cause various reproductive alterations in their hosts. One such manipulation is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which is a sperm-egg incompatibility typically resulting in zygotic death. Nasonia longicornis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) has an A supergroup and two closely related B supergroup Wolbachia infections. The B supergroup bacteria co-diverged in this host genus. Both triple (wNlonAwNlonB1wNlonB2) and double infections (wNlonAwNlonB1, wNlonAwNlonB2) have been obtained from the field. In the present study, CI was determined among the three Wolbachia types in different host genetic backgrounds. Results show that host genetic background determines whether bidirectional CI or unidirectional CI occurs between the two closely related B group Wolbachia. Results show that the wNlonB1-infected males are bidirectionally incompatible with wNlonB2 in their 'native' nuclear genetic background, whereas wNlonB1 males are compatible with wNlonB2 in two other N. longicornis genetic backgrounds, resulting in unidirectional CI. In contrast, wNlonB2-infected males are incompatible with wNlonB1 females in all three host genetic backgrounds. These changes in incompatibility are not due to the loss of the bacteria. We hypothesize that a repressor gene for sperm modification by wNlonB1 is segregating in N. longicornis populations. The relevance of these findings to the potential role of Wolbachia in host-reproductive divergence and speciation is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host genotype changes bidirectional to unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility in Nasonia longicornis

Raychoudhury

Werren

2011

Heredity

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“…Our finding of bidirectional incompatibility is consistent with this hypothesis, because there has been ample time for the modification-rescue systems of these strains to have diverged and become incompatible. Independent acquisition via lateral transfer events tends to be the predominant mechanism for how different incompatibility types arise in a host system (Bordenstein, 2003). Although little is known about the average rate of horizontal transfer for Wolbachia, it is apparent that horizontal transfer events into Nasonia can sometimes occur frequently -indeed, two separate acquisitions (two A Wolbachia) in N. giraulti and N. longicornis have happened in the last 0.2 Mya based on their estimated divergence time (Campbell et al, 1993) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By manipulating arthropod reproduction through male killing, parthenogenesis, feminization and cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), Wolbachia increase the relative number of infected females (that is, the transmitting sex) in a host population, and thereby spread rapidly within a host species (Caspari and Watson, 1959;Turelli and Hoffmann, 1991;Turelli, 1994;Werren and O'Neill, 1997). These reproductive alterations can also have important implications to basic processes such as sex determination (Rigaud et al, 1997;Werren and Beukeboom, 1998), sexual selection (Jiggins et al, 2000) and speciation (Laven, 1957;Breeuwer and Werren, 1990;Bordenstein et al, 2001;Bordenstein, 2003;Jaenike et al, 2006;Koukou et al, 2006). Between arthropod species, horizontal transmission is common on an evolutionary time scale (Werren et al, 1995a;Sintupachee et al, 2006) and has been observed in the laboratory under certain circumstances (Heath et al, 1999;Boyle et al, 1993;Rigaud et al, 2001;Huigens et al, 2004;Frydman et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such strains are referred to as '(in)compatibility types' and have been observed in various insects, including mosquitoes, fruit flies and parasitic wasps (Laven, 1957;Breeuwer and Werren, 1990;O'Neill and Karr, 1990;MontchampMoreau et al, 1991;Perrot-Minnot et al, 1996;James and Ballard, 2000;Bordenstein et al, 2001;Dedeine et al, 2004). Bidirectional CI has attracted considerable attention for its potential role in driving rapid speciation, because gene flow between diverging populations that harbor different Wolbachia incompatibility types, can be reduced or eliminated due to endosymbionts (O'Neill and Karr, 1990;Werren, 1998;Bordenstein et al, 2001;Telschow et al, 2002;Bordenstein, 2003). The effect can also select for premating isolation (Telschow et al, 2005a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bidirectional incompatibility among divergent Wolbachia and incompatibility level differences among closely related Wolbachia in Nasonia

Bordenstein

Werren

2007

Heredity

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Most insect groups harbor obligate bacterial symbionts from the a-proteobacterial genus Wolbachia. These bacteria alter insect reproduction in ways that enhance their cytoplasmic transmission. One of the most common alterations is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) -a post-fertilization modification of the paternal genome that renders embryos inviable or unable to complete diploid development in crosses between infected males and uninfected females or infected females harboring a different strain. The parasitic wasp species complex Nasonia (N. vitripennis, N. longicornis and N. giraulti) harbor at least six different Wolbachia that cause CI. Each species have double infections with a representative from both the A and B Wolbachia subgroups. CI relationships of the A and B Wolbachia of N. longicornis with those of N. giraulti and N. vitripennis are investigated here. We demonstrate that all pairwise crosses between the divergent A strains are bidirectionally incompatible. We were unable to characterize incompatibility between the B Wolbachia, but we establish that the B strain of N. longicornis induces no or very weak CI in comparison to the closely related B strain in N. giraulti that expresses complete CI. Taken together with previous studies, we show that independent acquisition of divergent A Wolbachia has resulted in three mutually incompatible strains, whereas codivergence of B Wolbachia in N. longicornis and N. giraulti is associated with differences in CI level. Understanding the diversity and evolution of new incompatibility strains will contribute to a fuller understanding of Wolbachia invasion dynamics and Wolbachia-assisted speciation in certain groups of insects.

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Incorporating the gut microbiota into models of human and non‐human primate ecology and evolution

Amato

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

111

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The mammalian gut is home to a diverse community of microbes. Advances in technology over the past two decades have allowed us to examine this community, the gut microbiota, in more detail, revealing a wide range of influences on host nutrition, health, and behavior. These host-gut microbe interactions appear to shape host plasticity and fitness in a variety of contexts, and therefore represent a key factor missing from existing models of human and nonhuman primate ecology and evolution. However, current studies of the gut microbiota tend to include limited contextual data or are clinical, making it difficult to directly test broad anthropological hypotheses. Here, I review what is known about the animal gut microbiota and provide examples of how gut microbiota research can be integrated into the study of human and non-human primate ecology and evolution with targeted data collection. Specifically, I examine how the gut microbiota may impact primate diet, energetics, disease resistance, and cognition. While gut microbiota research is proliferating rapidly, especially in the context of humans, there remain important gaps in our understanding of host-gut microbe interactions that will require an anthropological perspective to fill. Likewise, gut microbiota research will be an important tool for filling remaining gaps in anthropological research. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:S196-S215,

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Symbiosis And The Origin Of Species

Cited by 73 publications

References 105 publications

Host genotype changes bidirectional to unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility in Nasonia longicornis

Host genotype changes bidirectional to unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility in Nasonia longicornis

Bidirectional incompatibility among divergent Wolbachia and incompatibility level differences among closely related Wolbachia in Nasonia

Incorporating the gut microbiota into models of human and non‐human primate ecology and evolution

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