“…Due to the closed field, not all values for α maximizes the rank. Therefore, the choice of α is such that it is a primitive q th − ( ) (Lidl, 1994) (Norouzi, Attang, Wu, & Atkin, 2014). The cyclic nature of finite field implies that all non-zero elements in GF q ( ) can be expressed as α i i , > 0 .…”