Symbol synchronization of the Alamouti space-time block code with the Gardner algorithm

Bazdresch, Miguel; Al-Hamiri, Mohammed G.

doi:10.1109/iemcon.2017.8117181

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence, it is widely used in engineering practice. Gardner algorithm is continuously applied to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals [8][9][10], multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) signals [11,12], Gaussian minimum frequency shift keying (GMSK) signals [13], and other modulation systems [14][15][16], with an ever-expanding range of applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Carrier-Based Gardner Timing Synchronization Algorithm for BPSK Signal in Maritime Communication

Zhang

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Wireless communication at sea is an essential way to establish a smart ocean. In the communication system, however, signals are affected by the carrier frequency offset (CFO), which results from the Doppler effect and crystal frequency offset. The offset deteriorates the demodulation performance of the communication system. The conventional Gardner bit-synchronization algorithm performs timing synchronization on the baseband, but it fails to solve the problem of carrier frequency offset. In this paper, a carrier-based timing-synchronization Gardner algorithm was proposed. The algorithm performed error detection in the carrier signal to estimate the synchronization error in real time and the time-domain expansion in the passband signal. Based on the estimated expansion factor, the algorithm located the sampling points of the ideal signal and re-interpolated all the sampling points on the passband to recover the passband signal without Doppler. This algorithm can solve both the frequency shift and time-domain expansion caused by the Doppler effect without further CFO estimation and compensation, thus reducing the overall computational complexity of the system. The simulations showed that the proposed algorithm greatly improves the ability of the communication system to combat Doppler compared to the conventional Gardner algorithm. The algorithm is primarily designed for binary phase-shift keying (BPSK)-modulated signals under the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and can be applied to various maritime communication scenarios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Carrier-Based Gardner Timing Synchronization Algorithm for BPSK Signal in Maritime Communication

Zhang

et al. 2023

JMSE

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“…Each pair of clients can utilize various links to transfer throughput. Furthermore, layer 2 provides more security than a higher layer for applications that are more affected by delays, like online games and video conferencing [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of campus network involving VLAN and broadband multimedia wireless networks using OPNET modeler

Al-Khaffaf

Al-Hamiri

2021

TELKOMNIKA

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Modern technology is essential for all healthy, economic, and educational sectors. Using modern technology involves high-performance networks in terms of quality of service (QoS) parameters such as delay, throughput, bandwidth, and security. A campus network involves wire and the wireless environment with and without virtual local area network (VLAN) technology has been simulated using optimized network engineering tools (OPNET). The simulation model includes four scenarios that involve heavy-loaded File transfer protocol (FTP) and web browsing applications with two logical groups of users. The simulation results show that the VLAN overcome LAN networks in terms of bandwidth and security. This has been done by reducing the throughput in both sending and receiving levels to the confidential servers. The VLAN has also reduced the broadcast domain which results in a high-power efficiency. Moreover, the VLAN network technology has been proved to have lower values of delay in transferring files and packets than LAN network technology. In addition, VLAN technology generally has been decreased values of throughput regardless of the way of connection between servers and workstations. This, in turn, allows taking advantage of wireless connection features in terms of flexibility of installation and speed of configuration.

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Multilayer Radial Basis Function Neural Network for Symbol Timing Recovery

Müller

Mayer

Castro

et al. 2022

Neural Process Lett

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Symbol synchronization of the Alamouti space-time block code with the Gardner algorithm

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

A Carrier-Based Gardner Timing Synchronization Algorithm for BPSK Signal in Maritime Communication

A Carrier-Based Gardner Timing Synchronization Algorithm for BPSK Signal in Maritime Communication

Performance evaluation of campus network involving VLAN and broadband multimedia wireless networks using OPNET modeler

Multilayer Radial Basis Function Neural Network for Symbol Timing Recovery

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