Symbolic Assertive Training through Guided Affective Imagery in Hypnosis

Yarnell, Thomas D.

doi:10.1080/00029157.1972.10402176

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The following suggestions are aimed at strengthening such assurances, provided these assurances are also properly instilled and nurtured in the context of the subject's total relationship with the suggestor. A similar approach using symbolic assertive training has been developed by Yarnell (1972). Now I would like you to picture yourself standing at the top of a tall, snow-covered mountain, looking down into the valley below.…”

Section: Ego Strengtheningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Hypnosis and Hyperempiria

Gibbons¹

1979

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All righ ts reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher To Patsy and Kathleen ForewordProfessionals who are well-trained in hypnotherapeutic procedures are able to utilize a variety of suggestions-suggestions for age regression, cessation of smoking, weight control, relaxation, reduction of pain, etc. In fact, the art of "hypnosis" can be conceptualized as the art of administering suggestions in an effective and useful way. In the teaching of hypnosuggestive methods, the need has long been apparent for a manual that could provide examples of suggestions that would be serviceable in applied settings. Now we are fortunate to have this text by Don E. Gibbons, which offers many different kinds of suggestions that can serve as models for both the novice and the experienced practitioner. Students who are training in this area can use the text to learn how to formulate their own suggestions in professional settings. Experienced hypnotherapists will also find the text helpful in expanding their repertoire. In addition to presenting useful models of suggestions, Dr. Gibbons's text also meets the need for a clearly written manual that explains hypnosis in accordance with the results of modem research. During the past 25 years, more research has been conducted on hypnosis than in all the preceding years since Mesmer. These investigations have led to a view of hypnosis which differs markedly from the traditional view of the passive subject who is hypnotized by and is subservient to the dominant hypnotist. From such a modem viewpoint, one sees good hypnotic subjects as actively doing, as actively becoming involved in the situation, and as actively thinking with and imagining those things that are suggested. vii viii FOREWORD Responsiveness in a hypnotic situation is much more closely related to the subjects' readiness to accept suggestions and to their capabilities of responding to the specific suggestions they are given rather than to the special characteristics of the hypnotist or of the hypnotic induction procedure. The main tasks of the hypnotist are to remove the subjects' misconceptions and negative attitudes, to elicit their maximum cooperation, and to release and guide their capabilities for imagining and fantasizing. The use of a formal hypnotic induction procedure is only one of many possible methods for eliciting the subjects' capabilities. Other methods for evoking maximal responsiveness include, for example, asking the subjects straightforwardly to think of and imagine those things that will be suggested, or implementing one of the various hyperempiric procedures developed by Dr. Gibbons, which are worded in terms of mind expansion and heightened awareness, and which are in harmony with our present-day culture.Dr. Gibbons appropriately notes in the text that base-level or "normal" responsiveness to test suggestio...

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Section: Ego Strengtheningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Hypnosis and Hyperempiria

Gibbons¹

1979

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“…Various processes have been identified as components of effective assertion training. Some, such as role-playing (Friedman, 1971(Friedman, , 1972Hersen, Eisler, Miller, Johnson, & Pinkston, 1973;McFall & Lillesand, 1971;McFall & Marston, 1970;McFall & Twentyman, 1973), coaching (Flowers & Guerra, 1974;McFall & Lillesand, 1971; McFall & Twentyman, 1973), modeling (Friedman, 1971(Friedman, , 1972Hersen et al, 1973;McFall & Lillesand, 1971;McFa.11 & Twentyman, 1973;Sarason, 1968Sarason, , 1969, instructions (Hersen et al, 1973), guided imagery (Yarnell, 1972), desensitization (Piaget & Lazarus, 1969) and videotape feedback (Melnick, 1973;Rathus, 1973b), are obviously part of the training of assertion rather than a result of treatment or a component of assertive behavior. While assertion training might be less effective because of too little rehearsal, coaching or instruction, these are not naturally occurring essential processes that lead to increased assertive behavior.…”

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Goal clarity as a component of assertive behavior and a result of assertion training

Flowers

1978

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Eighty Ss were given the Rathus assertion schedule and a separate test in which their clarity of goals in various interpersonal situation was assessed. It was found that there was a direct relationship between assertion and goal clarity scores; more assertive Ss had greater goal clarity. The Rathus assertion schedule and half of the goal clarity test were administered to 24 Ss, who then were assigned randomly to 10 sessions of either an assertion training group or an insight therapy group. After treatment, the Rathus assertion schedule and the other half of the goal clarity test were administered to the 24 Ss. While there was no difference between the two groups prior to treatment, after treatment the assertion group demonstrated significantly greater goal clarity and significantly greater change on the Rathus assertion schedule than did the insight group.

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