2008
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.158101
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Symbolic Transfer Entropy

Abstract: We propose to estimate transfer entropy using a technique of symbolization. We demonstrate numerically that symbolic transfer entropy is a robust and computationally fast method to quantify the dominating direction of information flow between time series from structurally identical and nonidentical coupled systems. Analyzing multiday, multichannel electroencephalographic recordings from 15 epilepsy patients our approach allowed us to reliably identify the hemisphere containing the epileptic focus without obser… Show more

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Cited by 523 publications
(396 citation statements)
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References 25 publications
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“…Verdes [48] applied the concept of TE to multivariate time series, thus proposing a model-free, information-theoretical tool for examining weakly dependent time series that compare the relative influence of two or more external dynamics trigger on a given system. The TE approach was extended by Staniek & Lehnertz [51] by using a technique of symbolization to estimate TE, called symbolic transfer entropy (STE). STE is a robust and computationally fast method to quantify the dominating direction of information flow between time series from structurally identical and non-identical coupled systems.…”
Section: (C) Entropymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Verdes [48] applied the concept of TE to multivariate time series, thus proposing a model-free, information-theoretical tool for examining weakly dependent time series that compare the relative influence of two or more external dynamics trigger on a given system. The TE approach was extended by Staniek & Lehnertz [51] by using a technique of symbolization to estimate TE, called symbolic transfer entropy (STE). STE is a robust and computationally fast method to quantify the dominating direction of information flow between time series from structurally identical and non-identical coupled systems.…”
Section: (C) Entropymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Staniek and Lehnertz [50] proposed a method for symbolization, and demonstrated numerically that symbolic transfer entropy is a robust and computationally efficient method for quantifying the dominant direction of information flow among time series from structurally identical and non-identical coupled systems.…”
Section: Symbolizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Following ref. [50], we define the symbol by reordering the amplitude values of the time series y t and x t . Amplitude values X t = {x(t), x(t + l), ..., x(t + (m − 1)l)} are arranged in an ascending order…”
Section: Symbolizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the experimental setting, reasonable extensions of the experimental time steps are recommended. Additionally, to detect the causal relation, we can use other measures, such as granger causality, mutual information, symbolic transfer entropy [32], etc., according to what we would like to see. Especially, by using symbolic transfer entropy [32], we can avoid the difficulty to set the bin size.…”
Section: In This System Transfer Entropy Tends To Show T E(active → mentioning
confidence: 99%