Symmetric Engineered High Polarization-Insensitive Double Negative Metamaterial Reflector for Gain and Directivity Enhancement of Sub-6 GHz 5G Antenna

Hasan, Md. Mhedi; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Moniruzzaman, Md.; Soliman, Mohamed S.; Alshammari, Ahmed S.; Sulayman, Iman I. M. Abu; Samsuzzaman, M.; Islam, Md. Shabiul

doi:10.3390/ma15165676

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“… Ref Size (mm 2 ) Freq (GHz) BW (GHz) No. of Axes ENG BW (GHz) Near- Zero (Mu) DNG BW (GHz) Tunable 38 10 × 10 3.6 2.5–4.3 1 – – Yes 3.74–4.39 No 39 10 × 10 3.58, 5.87 – 1 2.988–3.222 3.636–3.996 4.002–4.08 5.898 to 6.0 – No No 8 8 × 8 2.4, 5.6 2.3–2.49, 5.27–5.87 1 2.42–2.71 5.64–6.15 – No No 40 8 × 8 3.37, 5.8 3.1–3.6 5.76–5.8 1 3.37–4.5 5.8–5.95 0.02 0.13 No No 41 9.5 × 9.5 2.5, 4.9, 6 2.47–2.52 4.82–4.97 5.9–6.11 1 2–4.03 4.925–4.99 5.955–6.13 – No No This Work …”

Section: Analysis and Discussion The Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case when an electromagnetic wave interacts with a metamaterial, an artificially designed medium, it expresses extraordinary electromagnetic as well as optical properties. For a variety of uses in microwave communications, scientists from all around the world have focused on achieving such remarkable metamaterial features, like negative permittivity, permeability, and refractive index 1 , 2 . The applications encompass various fields such as improving the characteristics regarding antenna systems such as massive MIMO and MIMO 3 – 5 , designing absorbers 6 sensors 7 , high-frequency communications 8 , optical communication 9 , harvesting energy 10 , remote aircraft 11 , microwave imaging 12 , metamaterial absorber 13 , and microwave devices like Bluetooth, WiMAX, GPS5 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compact metamaterial-based single/double-negative/near-zero index resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz wireless applications

Ibrahim,

Al-Bawri,

Singh

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The concept, performance, and analyses of distinctive, miniaturized metamaterial (MTM) unit cell addressing the forthcoming Sub 6 GHz 5G applications are presented in this paper. Two circular split-ring resonators (CSRR) with two parallel rectangular copper elements in front of the design and a slotted square element in the background make up the suggested metamaterial. It has a line segment with tunable features that is positioned in the center of the little ring copper structure. The suggested design offers a significant operating frequency band of 220 MHz together with a resonance of transmission coefficient S21 at 3.5 GHz. Furthermore, in two (z & x) principal axes of wave propagation, wide-range achievement, single/double-negative (S/DNG) refractive index, negative permittivity, and near-zero permeability properties were demonstrated. Through varying central slotted-strip line length, resonance frequencies can be selectively altered. Moreover, the metamaterial has overall dimensions of 9 × 9 mm2 and is composed on a Rogers 5880 RT substrate. In order to create the suggested MTM's equivalent circuit, which shows similar coefficient of transmission (S21), a proposed design’s numerical simulation is carried out in the CST micro-wave studio. This simulation is after that put to comparison with manufacturing of the design.

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Section: Analysis and Discussion The Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact metamaterial-based single/double-negative/near-zero index resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz wireless applications

Ibrahim,

Al-Bawri,

Singh

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Therefore, research on improving the bandwidth, isolation, and gain of MIMO antennas is a major challenge in the research community [ 5 , 9 , 17 , 18 ]. To mitigate the MIMO antenna’s shortcomings, particularly its low gain, narrow bandwidth, and mutual coupling between MIMO components, various techniques have been introduced, such as parasitic elements [ 9 , 19 ], electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) [ 5 , 20 , 21 ], defected ground structure (DGS) [ 22 ], metamaterial (MM) [ 12 , 17 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] and metamaterial absorber (MA) [ 11 ]. The EBG structure has been positioned between the MIMO components along with DGS [ 5 , 26 ], reducing surface wave propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Mu-Near-Zero Metamaterial Integrated Wideband High-Gain MIMO Antenna for 5G New Radio Applications

et al. 2023

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This article demonstrates a compact wideband four-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system integrated with a wideband metamaterial (MM) to reach high gain for sub-6 GHz new radio (NR) 5G communication. The four antennas of the proposed MIMO system are orthogonally positioned to the adjacent antennas with a short interelement edge-to-edge distance (0.19λmin at 3.25 GHz), confirming compact size and wideband characteristics 55.2% (3.25–5.6 GHz). Each MIMO system component consists of a fractal slotted unique patch with a transmission feed line and a metal post-encased defected ground structure (DGS). The designed MIMO system is realized on a low-cost FR-4 printed material with a miniature size of 0.65λmin × 0.65λmin × 0.02λmin. A 6 × 6 array of double U-shaped resonator-based unique mu-near-zero (MNZ) wideband metamaterial reflector (MMR) is employed below the MIMO antenna with a 0.14λmin air gap, improving the gain by 2.8 dBi and manipulating the MIMO beam direction by 60°. The designed petite MIMO system with a MM reflector proposes a high peak gain of 7.1 dBi in comparison to recent relevant antennas with high isolation of 35 dB in the n77/n78/n79 bands. In addition, the proposed wideband MMR improves the MIMO diversity and radiation characteristics with an average total efficiency of 68% over the desired bands. The stated MIMO antenna system has an outstanding envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of <0.045, a greater diversity gain (DG) of near 10 dB (>9.96 dB), a low channel capacity loss (CCL) of <0.35 b/s/Hz and excellent multiplexing efficiency (ME) of higher than −1.4 dB. The proposed MIMO concept is confirmed by fabricating and testing the developed MIMO structure. In contrast to the recent relevant works, the proposed antenna is compact in size, while maintaining high gain and wideband characteristics, with strong MIMO performance. Thus, the proposed concept could be a potential approach to the 5G MIMO antenna system.

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“…Metamaterials allow for the creation of capabilities and traits that go beyond those present in natural materials and are typically not possible to achieve using traditional methods for material discovery or producing specialty chemicals. This unnatural material with intriguing characteristics such as negative permittivity and permeability, have made it useful in numerous microwave and terahertz applications such as antenna [1][2][3][4], Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) reduction [5][6][7], satellite and radar communication [8][9][10], sensor [11], cloaking [12], absorber [13][14], and so on. A metamaterial can be created by combining different combination of dielectric and metallic patch on a variety of substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified combination of triple split ring resonator based triple band single negative metamaterial for satellite applications

Hossain

Faruque

Abdullah

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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This paper investigates a modified combination of triple split ring resonator (SRR) based triple band single negative metamaterial for satellite applications. The proposed unit cell structure has a triple split ring resonator i.e. square, circular and rhombus shape. The lower plane completely encloses the FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm, on top of which the metallic resonating structure with thickness of 0.035 mm is attached. The structure provides quad band resonances of transmission coefficient (S21) at 2.02 (S-band), 6.77 (C-band), and 13.22 (Ku-band) GHz with magnitude of -27.8, -23.2, and -27.2 dB, respectively and also offers the wider bandwidth. The plot of relative permittivity, permeability, refractive index and impedance is used to explain the metamaterial behavior. Additionally, a plot of the electromagnetic field and surface current analysis for a separate frequency that belongs to the S, C, and Ku band makes the unit cell structure to help illustrate the metamaterial behavior. The effective medium ratio (EMR) of the structure is 14.85, demonstrating its compactness. The performance of the structure is validated through the simulation result using CST Microwave Studio and HFSS simulator. The suggested structure will be a possible option for satellite communication (S, C and Ku-band) because of wider bandwidth and excellent EMR.

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Symmetric Engineered High Polarization-Insensitive Double Negative Metamaterial Reflector for Gain and Directivity Enhancement of Sub-6 GHz 5G Antenna

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Compact metamaterial-based single/double-negative/near-zero index resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz wireless applications

Compact metamaterial-based single/double-negative/near-zero index resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz wireless applications

A Compact Mu-Near-Zero Metamaterial Integrated Wideband High-Gain MIMO Antenna for 5G New Radio Applications

Modified combination of triple split ring resonator based triple band single negative metamaterial for satellite applications

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