Symmetric higher rank topological phases on generic graphs

Abstract

Motivated by recent interests in fracton topological phases, we explore interplay between gapped 2D Z N topological phases which admit fractional excitations with restricted mobility and geometry of the lattice on which such phases are placed. We investigate the properties of the phases in a new geometric context -graph theory. By placing the phases on a 2D lattice consisting of two arbitrary connected graphs, G x ⊠ G y , we study the behavior of fractional excitations of the phases. We derive the formula of the ground state degeneracy of the phases, which depends on invariant factors of the Laplacian.