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Eaker, R.; Plendl, H.S.; Zeller, A. F.; Clem, Alex; Muga, L.; Nicovich, J. M.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.20.1055

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[32,33] While also of general interest, electrocapillarity does not achieve the same dramatic interfacial tension change as oxide growth, which can reach interfacial energies of nearly 0 J m −2 , as discussed in the literature. [43] Further, as discussed above, our experiments indicate that although it occurs simultaneously with bipolar electrolysis, electrocapillarity is not the driving mechanism in this work.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Field‐Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal

2017

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When immersed in an electrolyte, droplets of Ga‐based liquid metal (LM) alloy can be manipulated in ways not possible with conventional electrocapillarity or electrowetting. This study demonstrates how LM electrochemistry can be exploited to coalesce and separate droplets under moderate voltages of ~1–10 V. This novel approach to droplet interaction can be explained with a theory that accounts for oxidation and reduction as well as fluidic instabilities. Based on simulations and experimental analysis, this study finds that droplet separation is governed by a unique limit‐point instability that arises from gradients in bipolar electrochemical reactions that lead to gradients in interfacial tension. The LM coalescence and separation are used to create a field‐programmable electrical switch. As with conventional relays or flip‐flop latch circuits, the system can transition between bistable (separated or coalesced) states, making it useful for memory storage, logic, and shape‐programmable circuitry using entirely liquids instead of solid‐state materials.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Field‐Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal

2017

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“…Based on our understanding of the NPs production mechanism elaborated in Fig. 1, where the NPs were produced due to the collapse of the cavities at the EGaIn-solution interface, we hypothesized that the thickness of the oxide shell on the NPs can be controlled electrochemically in this platform upon the application of a reductive or oxidative potential to the bulk EGaIn droplet during the production [19] . We conducted a proof-of-concept experiment to verify our hypothesis, and the schematic and actual image depicting the experimental setup is given in Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Liquid Metal Nanoparticles Produced by Liquid‐Based Nebulization

Tang

Qiao

Lin

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

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Functional liquid metal nanoparticles (NPs), produced from eutectic alloys of gallium, promise new horizons in the fields of sensors, microfluidics, flexible electronics, catalysis, and biomedicine. Here, the development of a vapor cavity generating ultrasonic platform for nebulizing liquid metal within aqueous media for the one-step production of stable and functional liquid metal NPs is shown. The size distribution of the NPs is fully characterized and it is demonstrated that various macro and small molecules can also be grafted onto these liquid metal NPs during the liquid-based nebulization process. The cytotoxicity of the NPs grafted with different molecules is further explored. Moreover, it is shown that it is possible to control the thickness of the oxide layer on the produced NPs using electrochemistry that can be embedded within the platform. It is envisaged that this platform can be adapted as a costeffective and versatile device for the rapid production of functional liquid metal NPs for future liquid metal-based optical, electronic, catalytic, and biomedical applications. AbstractFunctional liquid metal nanoparticles (NPs), produced from eutectic alloys of gallium, promise new horizons in the fields of sensors, microfluidics, flexible electronics, catalysis, and biomedicine. Here we show the development of a vapor cavity generating ultrasonic platform for nebulizing liquid metal within aqueous media for the one-step production of stable and functional liquid metal NPs.We fully characterize the size distribution of the NPs and demonstrate that various macro and small molecules can also be grafted onto these liquid metal NPs during the liquid-based nebulization process. We further explore the cytotoxicity of the NPs grafted with different molecules. Moreover, we show that it is possible to control the thickness of the oxide layer on the produced NPs using electrochemistry that can be embedded within the platform. We envisage that this platform can be adapted as a cost-effective and versatile device for the rapid production of functional liquid metal NPs for future liquid metal-based optical, electronic, catalytic and biomedical applications.

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“…Thus, the steep rise in the excitation functions for the products with R m < 1.80 is interpreted as the effect of the multiple-chance fission reported in Refs. [8,28], Contribution of such multiple-chance fission is less clearly observed in the 244 Pu(p,f) reaction below E p = 16 MeV as shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Highly Asymmetric Mass Division in Low-Energy Proton-Induced Fission of ²³²Th and ²⁴⁴Pu

et al. 1997

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Mass yield distribution / Excitation function / Low-energy fission / 232 Th and 244 Pu / Rare earth fragments / Rapid chemical separation SummaryExcitation functions and mass yield distributions of rare earth products in the proton-induced fission of 232 Th and 244 Pu have been measured by means of an automatic rapid ion-exchange separation system for incident energies from 9 to 16 MeV. Excitation functions of highly asymmetric products with mass numbers A > 150 showed different energy dependence compared with those for typical asymmetric mass division products with mass number around A = 140 in the 232 Th(p,f) reaction while no clear different energy dependence between the products with A > 150 and A ~140 was observed in the 244 PU(/J,/) reaction. The gross feature of the highly asymmetric mass division would phenomenologically be explained by statistical considerations when they are compared in terms of the asymmetry parameters. However, the different energy dependence of highly asymmetric products between the two fission reactions might be caused by an additional fission mode or a slight shell effect of Ν = 50 in the light complementary fragments.

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Symmetric-to-asymmetric mass ratios for proton-induced fission ofTh232and

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Field‐Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal

Field‐Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal

Functional Liquid Metal Nanoparticles Produced by Liquid‐Based Nebulization

Highly Asymmetric Mass Division in Low-Energy Proton-Induced Fission of ²³²Th and ²⁴⁴Pu

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Symmetric-to-asymmetric mass ratios for proton-induced fission ofTh232and

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Field‐Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal

Field‐Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal

Functional Liquid Metal Nanoparticles Produced by Liquid‐Based Nebulization

Highly Asymmetric Mass Division in Low-Energy Proton-Induced Fission of 232Th and 244Pu

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Highly Asymmetric Mass Division in Low-Energy Proton-Induced Fission of ²³²Th and ²⁴⁴Pu