Sympathochromaffin System Activity in the Elderly

Linares, Oscar A.; Halter, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb04667.x

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In contrast to plasma NE, there was no effect of age on basal plasma EPI or EPI responses to yohimbine. That aging differentially affected the SNS and adrenomedullary components of the sympathochromaffin system confirms other reports (2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…ESTING plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentrations are higher in older persons than in young persons (1)(2)(3). That increased plasma NE in human aging represents predominantly increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) outflow is supported by NE kinetic studies (4,5,6) and by direct measurements of SNS nerve activity (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Increased SNS activity with aging may have important implications for both behavioral and cardiovascular health (9) 160 (5) 166 (10) HR (beats per minute) Placebo 59 (2) 58 (2) 57 (2) 61 (3) 55 (4) 55 (5) 56 (5) 56 (4) Clonidine 59 (2) 57 (2) 58 (2) 59 (3) 55 (3) 54 (5) 53 (3) 53 (3) Yohimbine § 62 (2) 66 (3) 66 (2) 67 (3) 56 (4) 64 (5) 65 (4) 67 (4) Notes: MAP ϭ mean arterial blood pressure, SBP ϭ systolic blood pressure, HR ϭ heart rate. * N ϭ 11 young subjects in clonidine condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Plasma Norepinephrine Response to Yohimbine in Elderly Men

Petrie

Peskind

Dobie

et al. 2000

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and M

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Plasma Norepinephrine Response to Yohimbine in Elderly Men

Petrie

Peskind

Dobie

et al. 2000

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and M

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“…71 There has also been a growing awareness of specific alterations in sympathetic nervous system function associated with normal aging. 72 - 73 These considerations assume a great importance in the management of hypertension in view of the increasing numbers of individuals in Western societies who are reaching advanced age and are requiring medical care.…”

Section: Effect Of Aging On Dopaminergic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral dopamine in pathophysiology of hypertension. Interaction with aging and lifestyle.

Küchel

Kuchel

1991

Hypertension

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Dopamine, an ancestral catecholamine, is physiologically natriuretic and vasodilating, thus essentially protecting against hypertension. Its actions are overshadowed by the opposite effects of its main biological partner, norepinephrine, and this is accentuated with aging. Clinical observations combined with molecular biology approaches to catecholamine-synthesizing and catecholamine-metabolizing enzymes and receptors permit the identification of some inborn defects. Subtle changes in the dopamine-norepinephrine balance may account for the enhanced peripheral noradrenergic activity seen in the setting of decreased dopaminergic activity in advanced age. These changes may contribute to the diminished ability of the aged kidney to excrete a salt load, as well as to the finding that systolic blood pressure increases with age in populations with a high, but not in those with a low, intake of salt. The attainment of advanced age in Western societies with adverse lifestyle changes (mental rather than physical stress, excess salt intake, overeating, sedentarism) appears to facilitate the development of hyperten-sion. The adaptation to all the preceding lifestyle changes necessitates an increased dopamine generation, which may initially compensate to maintain appropriate natriuresis and vasodila-tion since many patients with initial borderline essential hypertension express their sympathetic hyperfunction, in addition to increased norepinephrine release, by excessive dopamine release. However, the progression of hypertension is accompanied by a peripheral dopaminer-gic deficiency and diminished ability to excrete salt. This may represent an eventual inadequacy of a phylogenetically redundant system resulting in decreased natriuresis and vasodilation and may account for the responsiveness of established chronic hypertension to salt restriction, diuretics, and dopaminomimetic medication. (Hypertension 1991;18:709-721) O ver the last decade, it has become apparent that dopamine (DA) is an important neuro-transmitter in the peripheral nervous system. Nonneuronal (kidney, intestine, blood vessels) and neuronal (neural terminals, adrenal medulla) tissues are target organs for circulating DA and also for DA synthesized and secreted locally as a paracrine substance. DA receptors located extracellularly in plasma-exposed cellular membranes transduce their signals to the intracellular milieu through a variety of second messengers, including adenylate cyclase, phos-pholipase C, protein kinase C, and other protein kinases. Peripheral DA! receptors (typical for vascular smooth muscles and renal tubules) act via adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C stimulation, whereas DA 2 receptors presynaptically suppress the release of norepinephrine (NE) via adenylate cyclase inhibition. 1 DA has been shown to affect the actions of ion transporters as well as a variety of cellular enzymes and appears to be physiologically important in the control of renal function. The sum of the effects of physiological DA concentrations on the kidney (DA r med...

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“…7 The parasympathetic tone and baroreflex sensitivity are reduced with advancing age. 8 Although circulatory norepinephrine level is increased but its responsiveness to target organ is reduced [9][10][11] and b adrenergic chronotopic response, vasodilator response as well as á adrenergic vasoconstrictor response are also reduced in elderly person. 12,13 In the early 1980, Ewing et all proposed five simple non-invasive cardiovascular reflex tests which functions are associated with aging process, 2 which also affects autonomic nerve function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Neuropathy in Healthy Elderly Person

Islam

Begum

Ferdousi

2014

J Bangladesh Soc Physiol

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Background: Cardiac autonomic nerve function can be affected in older age. Objective: To find out the degree of autonomic neuropathy by autonomic nerve function scoring system in apparently healthy elderly subjects. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka between July 2005 and June 2006.For study group, 30 elderly subjects age ranged from 51-60 years were enrolled in one group whereas another 30 elderly subjects age between 61-70 years were enrolled in another group. For comparison sex and BMI matched thirty apparently healthy adults with age from 21-30 years were studied as control. Autonomic nerve function status of all the subjects were examined by five simple non-invasive cardiovascular reflex tests Valsalva maneuver deep breathing test, orthostatic test handgrip test, and sudden standing. Autonomic nerve function (ANF) scoring was done to find out the degree of autonomic neuropathy. Results: 23.34% of subjects of 61-70 years group showed autonomic nerve dysfunctions and 20% had early involvement and 3.34% of them had definite involvement of Autonomic neuropathy. But this percentage was relatively less (10%) in 51-60 years who had early involvement and none had found definite involvement whereas autonomic nerve function was normal in 21-30 years age group.. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that aging process substantially impaired cardiovascular autonomic nerve function.

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Sympathochromaffin System Activity in the Elderly

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Increased Plasma Norepinephrine Response to Yohimbine in Elderly Men

Increased Plasma Norepinephrine Response to Yohimbine in Elderly Men

Peripheral dopamine in pathophysiology of hypertension. Interaction with aging and lifestyle.

Autonomic Neuropathy in Healthy Elderly Person

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