SYMPOSIUM: Immobilized Enzymes in Food Systems

Stanley, William D.; Olson, Alfred C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1974.tb17951.x

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The enzyme reaction kinetics was investigated 22. For this purpose the kinetic parameters V max and K m of the urease, present in all types of immobilized systems, were studied under static and dynamic conditions (Table 4) and were compared to the values characteristic of free urease (45.4 × 10 −3 mol · mg −1 · min −1 ; 3.2 × 10 −3 mol · l −1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Parameters of Urease Immobilized on Modified Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes in the Presence and Absence of Cu(II) Ions

Godjevargova

Gabrovska

2005

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Poly(acrylonitrile-methylmethacrylate-sodium vinylsulfonate) membranes were subjected to seven different chemical modifications and the amount of the newly formed groups was measured for each membrane. Urease was then covalently immobilized onto the modified membranes and the amount of bound protein was determined. The kinetic parameters V(max) and K(m) of the immobilized urease were studied under static and dynamic conditions. Results showed that the rate of the enzyme reaction was higher for the membranes modified with NH(2)OH . H(2)SO(4), NH(2)NH(2) . H(2)SO(4), NaOH + EDA and NaOH + GA + EDA. It was confirmed that the reaction rate, measured under dynamic conditions, was higher than that one determined under static conditions. The influence of Cu(II) ions, as inhibitors, on the enzyme reaction kinetics (V(i) and K(i)) was also investigated. It turned out that the most sensitive membranes towards Cu(II) were those modified with NH(2)NH(2) . H(2)SO(4), NaOH + EDA and H(2)O(2). The results initiated further investigations on the influence of other heavy metal ions (Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II)) over urease bound to a NH(2)OH . H(2)SO(4)-modified membrane. It was found that the inhibition effect of the heavy metal ions over immobilized urease decreases in the order: Cu(II) > Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Pb(II). [Diagram: see text]

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Parameters of Urease Immobilized on Modified Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes in the Presence and Absence of Cu(II) Ions

Godjevargova

Gabrovska

2005

Macromolecular Bioscience

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“…trade journal articles, numerous reviews (1,50,61,65,73,74,77,78,(86)(87)(88)(89)95), several books (40,57,68,1 00), and various patents. Immobilized enzymes can offer certain advantages over soluble enzymes in areas such as the study of enzymes, analytical biochemistry, preparative pharmacology, and industrial processing -including food processing (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Traced to Poultry, United States, 1966–1974

Horwitz¹,

Gangarosa²

1976

Journal of Milk and Food Technology

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To determine the epidemiologic characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks traced to poultry, we reviewed records of all 352 such outbreaks reported to the Center for Disease Control 1966–1974; 217 (62%) outbreaks were traced to turkey, 129 (37%) to chicken, 5 (1%) to both turkey and chicken, and 1 (0.3%) to cornish hen. Outbreaks from poultry accounted for 12% of all foodborne disease outbreaks reported from 1966 through 1974, but the number and percentage has been decreasing since 1969; these outbreaks involved 30,606 cases of gastrointestinal illness (20% of all cases of foodborne disease) and 14 deaths. Food-service establishments were responsible for mishandling the food in 79% of outbreaks, homes in 19%, and food-processing establishments in 2%. In 85% of the outbreaks, the food-handling error was storage of food at improper holding temperatures. In outbreaks reported 1972–1974 in which an etiologic agent was indentified, Salmonella spp. were responsible for 44%, Clostridium perfringens for 26%, and Staphylococcus aureus for 26%. The number of reported outbreaks from turkey increased dramatically during the Thanksgiving-Christmas holiday season. The downward trend in the number and percentage of poultry outbreaks since 1969 may reflect public education efforts.

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“…Stanley and Olsen, 40 and Zaborsky 41 classified the covalent methods for immobilization into the following groups according to the mode of linkage: diazo method, peptide bonding method, alkylation method, and carrier binding method. The functional groups that take part in the covalent binding of enzyme to carrier are alpha-or epsilon-amino groups, alpha-, beta-or g'amma-carboxyl groups, sulfhydryl group, hydroxyl group, imidazole group, and phenolic group.…”

Section: A Immobilized Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of plant proteins by immobilized proteases

Lee

Lopez

1984

C R C Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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A potential application of plant proteins could be a replacement of animal proteins now in use in the food industry on the basis of certain specific functional properties plant proteins have. Modification of the chemical structure of selected plant proteins is needed to replace more expensive animal proteins as food ingredients that have specific functional characteristics. Structure modification may be achieved by physical, chemical, or microbiological methods, or by a combination of these. Immobilized enzyme techniques offer significant advantages for protein modification. Knowledge of the molecular properties of plant proteins is essential to understand the basis of protein functionality, to modify proteins so that they acquire desirable functional properties, and to predict potential applications of modified plant proteins. This paper reviews all the above mentioned aspects of plant protein chemistry and potential utilization.

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SYMPOSIUM: Immobilized Enzymes in Food Systems

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Kinetic Parameters of Urease Immobilized on Modified Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes in the Presence and Absence of Cu(II) Ions

Kinetic Parameters of Urease Immobilized on Modified Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes in the Presence and Absence of Cu(II) Ions

Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Traced to Poultry, United States, 1966–1974

Modification of plant proteins by immobilized proteases

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