(Symposium on Bacterial Spores : Paper IX). Biophysical Analysis of the Spore

Marshall, Betty J.; Murrell, W. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1970.tb05237.x

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Reduced mobility has been demonstrated for most of the principal constituents of the core, such as ions, 15,16 pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (dipicolinic acid, DPA), 14,17 proteins, 18 and IM lipids, 5 but the mobility of core water has remained controversial. Early on, it was observed that virtually all spore water exchanges with external water within minutes, 19,20 implying that core water is in a liquid, rather than a glassy, state. This led to what may be termed the "gel scenario" of the core as a matrix of immobilized macromolecules (as well as DPA and chelated divalent metal ions) permeated by mobile or, at least, liquid water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early on, it was observed that virtually all spore water exchanges with external water within minutes, 19,20 implying that core water is in a liquid, rather than a glassy, state. This led to what may be termed the "gel scenario" of the core as a matrix of immobilized macromolecules (as well as DPA and chelated divalent metal ions) permeated by mobile or, at least, liquid water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mobility of Core Water in Bacillus subtilis Spores by 2H NMR

Kaieda

Setlow

et al. 2013

Biophysical Journal

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Bacterial spores in a metabolically dormant state can survive long periods without nutrients under extreme environmental conditions. The molecular basis of spore dormancy is not well understood, but the distribution and physical state of water within the spore is thought to play an important role. Two scenarios have been proposed for the spore's core region, containing the DNA and most enzymes. In the gel scenario, the core is a structured macromolecular framework permeated by mobile water. In the glass scenario, the entire core, including the water, is an amorphous solid and the quenched molecular diffusion accounts for the spore's dormancy and thermal stability. Here, we use (2)H magnetic relaxation dispersion to selectively monitor water mobility in the core of Bacillus subtilis spores in the presence and absence of core Mn(2+) ions. We also report and analyze the solid-state (2)H NMR spectrum from these spores. Our NMR data clearly support the gel scenario with highly mobile core water (~25 ps average rotational correlation time). Furthermore, we find that the large depot of manganese in the core is nearly anhydrous, with merely 1.7% on average of the maximum sixfold water coordination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility of Core Water in Bacillus subtilis Spores by 2H NMR

Kaieda

Setlow

et al. 2013

Biophysical Journal

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“…The amount of water adsorbed varies with spore species. The permeability of spores to water has been reviewed on several occasions (Neihof, Thomson, & Deitz, 1967;Marshall & Murrell, 1970;Black & Gerhardt, 1962;Lewis, Snell, & Burr, 1960). The relationship between water content and the relative humidity of the environment at a constant temperature is often not unique and varies with the preparation of the spores, the hydration history, and the condition of adsorption (Neihof et al, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible changes in fluorescence of bacterial endospores found in aerosols due to hydration/drying

Sarasanandarajah

Kunnil

Chacko

et al. 2005

Journal of Aerosol Science

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“…An endospore is robust, resilient, and highly responsive to water vapor 1 2 3 due to their exceptionally hygroscopic biomolecular construct. Such a structure is challenging to realize via lithographical/physical routes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Bacillus spore exhibits superior water-responsive energy-density 1 , where structurally, spore can be considered as a stretchable microscale membrane-enclosure (~4–5 μ m) of water (~60% in protoplast 4 ) with a peptidoglycan protective layer consisting of crosslinked N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG). It consists of a core with dipicolinic acid, which reduces the water content in the core to 30%, a cortex with ~60% water, and the peptidoglycan membrane that allows exchange 3 of 97% water with a diffusion time scale of less than 1 min ( via cortex) 2 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Quantum Dots Interfaced with Single Bacterial Spore for Bio-Electromechanical Devices: A Graphene Cytobot

Sreeprasad

Nguyen

Alshogeathri

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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The nanoarchitecture and micromachinery of a cell can be leveraged to fabricate sophisticated cell-driven devices. This requires a coherent strategy to derive cell's mechanistic abilities, microconstruct, and chemical-texture towards such microtechnologies. For example, a microorganism's hydrophobic membrane encapsulating hygroscopic constituents allows it to sustainably withhold a high aquatic pressure. Further, it provides a rich surface chemistry available for nano-interfacing and a strong mechanical response to humidity. Here we demonstrate a route to incorporate a complex cellular structure into microelectromechanics by interfacing compatible graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with a highly responsive single spore microstructure. A sensitive and reproducible electron-tunneling width modulation of 1.63 nm within a network of GQDs chemically-secured on a spore was achieved via sporal hydraulics with a driving force of 299.75 Torrs (21.7% water at GQD junctions). The electron-transport activation energy and the Coulomb blockade threshold for the GQD network were 35 meV and 31 meV, respectively; while the inter-GQD capacitance increased by 1.12 folds at maximum hydraulic force. This is the first example of nano/bio interfacing with spores and will lead to the evolution of next-generation bio-derived microarchitectures, probes for cellular/biochemical processes, biomicrorobotic-mechanisms, and membranes for micromechanical actuation.

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(Symposium on Bacterial Spores : Paper IX). Biophysical Analysis of the Spore

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Mobility of Core Water in Bacillus subtilis Spores by 2H NMR

Mobility of Core Water in Bacillus subtilis Spores by 2H NMR

Reversible changes in fluorescence of bacterial endospores found in aerosols due to hydration/drying

Graphene Quantum Dots Interfaced with Single Bacterial Spore for Bio-Electromechanical Devices: A Graphene Cytobot

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