Symptom Profiles of a Convenience Sample of Patients with COVID-19 — United States, January–April 2020

Burke, Rachel M; Killerby, Marie E.; Newton, Suzanne; Ashworth, Candace E.; Berns, Abby L.; Brennan, Skyler; Bressler, Jonathan; Bye, Erica; Crawford, Richard L.; Morano, Laurel Harduar; Lewis, Nathaniel M.; Markus, Tiffanie; Read, Jennifer S.; Rissman, Tamara; Taylor, Joanne; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Midgley, Claire M; Balachandran, Neha; Dahl, Rebecca; Dott, Mary; Gilani, Zunera; Grober, Aaron; Leung, Jessica W.T.; O’Hegarty, Michelle; Person, John R.; Ricaldi, Jessica N; Roth, Nicole; Sejvar, James J.; Shimabukuro, Tom T.; Tran, Cuc H.; Watson, John T.; Whitham, Hilary K.; Chiou, Howard; Clogher, Paula; Duca, Lindsey M.; Dratch, Alissa; Feldpausch, Amanda; Fill, Mary-Margaret A.; Ghinai, Isaac; Holshue, Michelle; Scott, Sarah E.; Westergaard, Ryan P.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6928a2

Cited by 152 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Many of our IgG-positive subjects reported some symptoms consistent with COVID-19, although only fever was significantly more common in those with positive IgG results compared to those without. There is a growing body of scientific data on nonrespiratorysymptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. An analysis of COVID-19 symptom profiles showed that gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea/lack of appetite), neurological symptoms (loss of smell and/or taste), as well as chills, myalgia, headache, and fatigue, were commonly reported by patients with COVID-19 [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a growing body of scientific data on nonrespiratorysymptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. An analysis of COVID-19 symptom profiles showed that gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea/lack of appetite), neurological symptoms (loss of smell and/or taste), as well as chills, myalgia, headache, and fatigue, were commonly reported by patients with COVID-19 [ 16 ]. We can hypothesize that some IgG-positive subjects may have observed nonrespiratoryCOVID-19 symptoms and therefore did not report them to a physician or sanitary inspection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Current and Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Police Employees in Poland, June–July 2020

Gujski

Jankowski

Pinkas

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to determine the prevalence of current and past SARS-CoV-2 infections among police employees. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was undertaken among 5082 police employees from Mazowieckie Province, Poland. RT-PCR testing for current SARS-CoV-2 infection and serological tests (ELISA) for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM+IgA and IgG antibodies were performed. Results: All RT-PCR tests were negative. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM+IgA index was positive (>8) in 8.9% of participants, including 11.2% women and 7.7% men (p < 0.001). Equivocal IgM+IgA index (6–8) was found in 9.8% of participants, including 11.9% women and 8.7% men (p < 0.001). The IgG index was positive (>6) in 4.3% and equivocal (4–6) in 13.2% of participants. A higher odds of positive IgM+IgA index was found in women vs. men (OR: 1.742) and police officers vs. civilian employees (OR: 1.411). Participants aged ≥60 years had a higher odds of positive IgG index vs. those aged 20–29 years (OR: 3.309). Daily vaping also increased the odds of positive IgG index (OR: 2.058). Conclusions: The majority of Polish police employees are seronegative for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaping and older age (≥60 years) were associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Current and Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Police Employees in Poland, June–July 2020

Gujski

Jankowski

Pinkas

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The most frequent symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, cough, fatigue and diarrhea 15 . Severe illness usually happens about 1 week after the onset of symptoms 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of potential biomarkers and inhibitors in SARS-CoV-2 infected macaques

Wang

Yuan

2020

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the infection with SARS-CoV-2 has overwhelmed many health systems globally. Our study is to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the associated biological pathways of COVID-19 to elucidate the potential pathogenesis and metabolism. The gene expression profile of the GSE155363 dataset was originally produced using the high-throughput Illumina HiSeq 4000 (Macaca mulatta). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to discover their functional categories and biochemical pathways. The results suggested that four biological pathways: Fatty acid elongation, Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, Fatty acid metabolism, and Ribosome were mostly involved in the macaques with COVID-19. Thus, our study provides novel insights into the underlying pathogenesis of COVID-19.

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“…We observed COVID-19 symptoms largely in line with previous studies. Cough, breathlessness and fever were present in the clinical presentation of a large proportion (11,12,18), but we must point out how cough has little discriminatory value against other primary care consults and breathlessness is a late symptom associated with more severe illness (15.1% in non-severe cases and 37.6% in severe cases). Our work concurs that feverishness (88.7%) is a dominant symptom, but diarrhea was less common in some other studies (<8.9% in [19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying COVID-19 cases in primary care settings

Mao

Tan

Thein

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Case identification is an ongoing issue for the COVID-19 epidemic, in particular for outpatient care where physicians must decide which patients to prioritise for further testing. This paper reports tools to classify patients based on symptom profiles based on 236 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases and 564 controls, accounting for the time course of illness at point of assessment. Clinical differentiators of cases and controls were used to derive model-based risk scores. Significant symptoms included abdominal pain, cough, diarrhea, fever, headache, muscle ache, runny nose, sore throat, temperature between 37.5°C and 37.9°C, and temperature above 38°C, but their importance varied by day of illness at assessment. With a high percentile threshold for specificity at 0.95, the baseline model had reasonable sensitivity at 0.67. To further evaluate accuracy of model predictions, we firstly used leave-one-out cross-validation, which confirmed high classification accuracy with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92. For the baseline model, sensitivity decreased to 0.56. Secondly, in a separate ongoing prospective study of 237 COVID-19 and 346 primary care patients presenting with symptoms of acute respiratory infection, the baseline model had a sensitivity of 0.57 and specificity of 0.89, and in retrospective notes review of 100 COVID-19 cases diagnosed in primary care, sensitivity was 0.56. A web-app based tool has been developed for easy implementation as an adjunct to laboratory testing to differentiate COVID-19 positive cases among patients presenting in outpatient settings.

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Symptom Profiles of a Convenience Sample of Patients with COVID-19 — United States, January–April 2020

Cited by 152 publications

References 5 publications

Prevalence of Current and Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Police Employees in Poland, June–July 2020

Prevalence of Current and Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Police Employees in Poland, June–July 2020

Identification of potential biomarkers and inhibitors in SARS-CoV-2 infected macaques

Identifying COVID-19 cases in primary care settings

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