Symptom structure and psychiatric comorbidity of combat‐related post‐traumatic stress disorder

Vukŝić‐Mihaljević, Ẑeljka; Mandić, Nikola; Mihaljević, Silvio; Ivandić, Ante

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1819.1999.00556.x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies indicate that approximately 80% of individuals with PTSD meet the criteria for at least one additional psychiatric diagnosis, such as depression, other anxiety disorders, somatisation, substance abuse, borderline personality disorder, or dissociative disorder (21, 23–25). Therefore, PTSD is a great health‐care problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health status in war veterans with post‐traumatic stress disorder

Muhvić-Urek

Uhač

Vukŝić‐Mihaljević

et al. 2006

J of Oral Rehabilitation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to assess the oral health condition of Croatian war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study included 50 men who experienced combat stress and had been diagnosed with PTSD. They were compared with the group of 50 age-matched men who did not participate in war and did not have PTSD. Xerostomia, oral mucosal lesion, oral hygiene status, dental, and periodontal conditions, as well as temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) were assessed and compared between the groups. Subjects in PTSD group had poorer oral hygiene, and periodontal status compared with the control subjects. Furthermore, they had less teeth than the control group (P = 0.04). Although, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index (P = 0.36), PTSD group had more decayed and missing teeth, but less filled teeth (P < 0.05 for all). According the Research Diagnosis Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/TMD), PTSD patients had more TMD diagnoses compared with the control subjects. The most prevalent diagnosis was myofascial pain (48%) in PTSD group, while in the control group it was disc displacement with reduction (8%). It can be concluded that the oral health condition in PTSD patients is significantly affected compared with the control subjects.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health status in war veterans with post‐traumatic stress disorder

Muhvić-Urek

Uhač

Vukŝić‐Mihaljević

et al. 2006

J of Oral Rehabilitation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The difference in the results can be explained with the limited methods that were used to evaluate the war trauma (objective and subjective aspect). The limitations include: (i) the problem of scale creation, used for measuring of trauma exposure, with its appropriate level of validity and reliability, since it should be applied on different population groups and the subjective experience can be interpreted differently within different cultural and social groups; (ii) retrospective, subjective evaluation of trauma and possible influences on mentioned factor evaluation, that would include: level of forgetfulness, postwar support and PTSD symptoms with their intensity and types; (iii) behavior and mental condition of person at the time of trauma, with their influences on objective and subjective aspects of trauma, on adjustment and the risk and control perception 46–48 . Trying to interpret the results, we must take into consideration the specifics of war exposure, total traumatic experiences of the Croatian soldier in the war, as well as specific social conditions of the war and postwar situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder among Croatian veterans: A causal model

Vukŝić‐Mihaljević

Mandić

Benšić

et al. 2000

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study investigates the etiological roles of premilitary risk factors, military entry conditions, war zone experiences, dissociative reactions to war zone experiences and homecoming reception in the development of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Croatian veterans. A total of 150 Croatian war veterans with the diagnosis of chronic combat-related PTSD, who sought treatment at Psychiatric Clinic, Osijek, Croatia, in the period 1993-1998, and who provided complete data, were selected as the sample for the present study from the treatment-seeking group of the ex-soldier population. Structural equation modeling is used to develop an etiological model concerning the relationships of premilitary risk factors, military entry conditions, war zone experiences, dissociative reactions, and homecoming reception with current symptoms of PTSD. An etiological model with satisfactory fit and parsimony was developed. In terms of the magnitude of variables' total contributions to the development of PTSD, war zone experiences are the most influential contributor which is followed by dissociative reactions, homecoming reception, military entry conditions and premilitary risk factors. Statistical significant direct effects to the development of PTSD were found for dissociative reactions and low family postwar support. The etiology of combat-related PTSD among Croatian veterans remains largely unexplained. Partial explanations are omission of other etiological factors, retrospective nature of the data and small study sample. The results are the source of questions for further research.

show abstract