Symptomatic Mixed Cryoglobulinemia during HIV Primary Infection: A Case Report

Genet, Philippe; Courdavault, Laurence; Wifaq, Bouchra; Gerbe, Juliette

doi:10.1155/2011/525841

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our patient had no evidence of autoimmune disorder, hematologic malignancy, or hepatitis C infection. Other infections that have been associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia include hepatitis B, Epstein-Barr virus, HIV, Streptococcus species, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leprosy, plasmodium, toxoplasmosis, and Lyme disease [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed cryoglobulinemia and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with ehrlichiosis

et al. 2014

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Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease with diverse clinical presentations, ranging in severity from a flu-like illness with fever and myalgias to a serious systemic disease with multisystem organ failure. Nephrotic syndrome has been reported previously in two cases of human ehrlichiosis. A kidney biopsy revealed minimal change disease in one of those patients. Herein, we present the case of a 40-year-old man with ehrlichiosis who developed nephrotic syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). The patient originally presented with shortness of breath, diffuse myalgias, headache, and lower extremity edema. He subsequently developed acute kidney injury and underwent kidney biopsy which showed MPGN and acute tubular injury. A tick-borne disease panel was positive for IgM and IgG to Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Serum testing revealed type 3 mixed cryoglobulinemia with no evidence of hepatitis C infection. The cryoprecipitate contained IgM and IgG antibodies to E. chaffeensis. Cryoglobulinemia is frequently associated with infections, particularly hepatitis C; however, our case is the first to describe ehrlichiosis associated with cryoglobulinemia and secondary MPGN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed cryoglobulinemia and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with ehrlichiosis

et al. 2014

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“…21 Of the small vessel vasculitidies, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is the most recognized form with a prevalence of as high as 27%. 22 Initiation of HAART resulting in immune reconstitution has also been observed in patients developing vasculitis. 23 Primary CNS vasculitis is rarely reported in the literature with an incidence of 3.4 per 10,000 HIV cases.…”

Section: Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Associated Rheumatic Diseases

Akram,

Khan,

Humphrey

2023

J Clin Rheumatol

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is widely prevalent among the world population. Although, historically, it has been linked to opportunistic infections in keeping with immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation, it has also been associated with a wide variety of autoimmune manifestations. With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy and subsequent restoration of immunity, there have been multiple immune-mediated diseases that have resurfaced in the HIV population. Our review highlights autoimmune diseases in association with HIV and its targeted therapies in detail.

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“…MC is frequently associated with infectious agents such as CMV, EBV, and hepatitis C virus. Clinical manifestations are like HIV-negative individuals, but many times, vasculitis purpura is not seen, and the clinical picture is predominantly neurologic [ 17 ].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasculitides in HIV Infection

Vega¹,

Espinoza

2020

Curr Rheumatol Rep

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Purpose of Review To review the spectrum of vasculitides in HIV-infected patients and to identify the clinical features that characterize vasculitis in sero-positive HIV. Recent Findings Epidemiological studies conducted in the post-HAART era described the rarity of vasculitis in the setting of HIV-infected patients. A study identified histopathological features such as leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the vasa vasorum and adventitial inflammation in the large artery pathology of HIV-positive patients compared with HIV-negative patients with critical lower limb ischemia. A recent retrospective cohort study reported that HIV-positive patients with LVV developed more vascular complications, responded less to antiretroviral therapy, and had worse outcome than HIV-negative patients with LVV. Summary Vasculitides continue to be a rare disease in patients with HIV. The spectrum of vasculitis ranges from life-threatening conditions to relatively mild skin conditions. Recognizing vasculitis in the setting of HIV-positive patients is important because sometimes it require immunosuppressive treatment.

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Symptomatic Mixed Cryoglobulinemia during HIV Primary Infection: A Case Report

Abstract: We report a patient who developed during HIV primary infection a symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinemia. The patient suffered from arthralgias, vascular purpura of the legs, and proteinuria. Cryoglobulinemia progressively disappeared in several months after HAART.

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Mixed cryoglobulinemia and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with ehrlichiosis

Mixed cryoglobulinemia and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with ehrlichiosis

HIV-Associated Rheumatic Diseases

Vasculitides in HIV Infection

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