Symptoms and pathogens diversity of Corn Fusarium sheath rot in Sichuan Province, China

Abstract

To elucidate the symptoms and pathogens diversity of corn Fusarium sheath rot (CFSR), diseased samples were collected from 21 county-level regions in 12 prefecture-level districts of Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2018 in the present study. In the field, two symptom types appeared including small black spots with a linear distribution and wet blotches with a tawny or brown color. One hundred thirty-seven Fusarium isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis (EF1-α), and Koch’s postulates were also assessed. The results identified the isolates as 8 species in the Fusarium genus, including F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, F. fujikuroi, F. asiaticum, F. equiseti, F. meridionale, F. graminearum and F. oxysporum, with isolation frequencies of 30.00, 22.67, 15.33, 7.33, 6.00, 5.33, 3.33 and 1.33%, respectively. Fusariumverticillioides and F. proliferatum were the dominant and subdominant species, respectively. Two or more Fusarium species such as F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum were simultaneously identified at a mixed infection rate of 14.67% in the present study. The pathogenicity test results showed that F. proliferatum and F. fujikuroi exhibited the highest virulence, with average disease indices of 30.28 ± 2.87 and 28.06 ± 1.96, followed by F. equiseti and F. verticillioides, with disease indices of 21.48 ± 2.14 and 16.21 ± 1.84, respectively. Fusarium asiaticum, F. graminearum and F. meridonale showed lower virulence, with disease indices of 13.80 ± 2.07, 11.57 ± 2.40 and 13.89 ± 2.49, respectively. Finally, F. orysporum presented the lowest virulence in CFSR, with a disease index of 10.14 ± 1.20. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. fujikuroi, F. meridionale and F. asiaticum as CFSR pathogens in China.

Bacillus velezensis TSA32-1 as a Promising Agent for Biocontrol of Plant Pathogenic Fungi

“…Corn and pepper are important and representative food and vegetable crops. The most economically important diseases affecting these crops are blights disease, anthracnose disease, and damping-off disease [ 34 ]. Particularly, pathogenic Fusarium fungal species infect corn plants and reduce yields worldwide.…”

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND MATING STUDY OF Fusarium proliferatum FROM VARIOUS HOSTS IN MALAYSIA

“…The variability within F. proliferatum isolates might be due to the species causing various types of diseases and differences in the hosts infected or substrates occupied (Leslie, 1995) as well as their ability to adapt and evolve in various environmental conditions (Medina et al, 2017). Fusarium proliferatum has also been reported to cause diseases on various crops including cereal grains (Mielniczuk & Skwarylo-Bednarz, 2020), corn (Scarpino et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2021), asparagus (Stepien et al, 2016Djalali Farahani-Kofoet et al, 2020), dragon-fruits (Masratul Hawa et al, 2013), pineapple (Nurul Faziha et al, 2016), garlic (Mondali et al, 2021, mango (Omar et al, 2018) and even infected humans (Herbrecht et al, 2004;Sun et al, 2018).…”

An Efficient Strategy Combining Immunoassays and Molecular Identification for the Investigation of Fusarium Infections in Ear Rot of Maize in Guizhou Province, China

“…Fusarium pathogens often appear in high-humidity and high-heat areas and Fusarium head blight (FHB) has reached historically high epidemic acreages in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ( Wang et al, 2011 ; Yang et al, 2021 ). It is also one of the major diseases in wheat and maize planting areas in the Northeast Plain, North China Plain, and Sichuan Basin ( Feng et al, 2011 ; Wei et al, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). Thus, Fusarium poses a great threat to China’s food production ( Gong et al, 2009 ; Qiu and Shi, 2014 ; Qiu et al, 2019 ).…”