Symptoms of nicotine dependence in a cohort of Swedish youths: a comparison between smokers, smokeless tobacco users and dual tobacco users

Post, Ann; Gilljam, Hans; Rosendahl, Ingvar; Bremberg, Sven; Galanti, Maria Rosaria

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02852.x

Cited by 71 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…First, our study focused on a wider range of tobacco products, whereas previous studies focused on a single form of ATP (e.g. e-cigarettes 43 or snus 12 ). Second, we coded the outcome of cigarette smoking intensity as a dichotomous categorical variable, whereas the prior study treated it as a continuous variable 43 .…”

Section: Concurrent Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our results are not in agreement with previous studies; Wang and colleagues 43 found that e-cigarette use in adolescent cigarette smokers was associated with heavier cigarette smoking intensity. Lee et al 16 and Post et al 12 found that cigarette smokers who used ATPs were more likely to report tobacco use within the first 30 minutes of waking up. The contradictory findings might be explained by three factors.…”

Section: Concurrent Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, we coded the outcome of cigarette smoking intensity as a dichotomous categorical variable, whereas the prior study treated it as a continuous variable 43 . Third, the adolescent populations were from different regions of the world 12 . Further research is needed to examine if and how ATP use would affect nicotine dependence among Asian adolescents.…”

Section: Concurrent Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ATPs may contain carbon monoxide, carcinogens and other toxicants [6][7][8] . ATPs often contain nicotine 9 , and therefore, ATP use is associated with increased likelihood of nicotine dependence 8,[10][11][12] , especially when used concurrently with cigarettes 1,12 . ATP use often occurs in combination with cigarette smoking, but exclusive ATP use is also prevalent [13][14][15] .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exclusive and concurrent use of cigarettes and alternative tobacco products among Hong Kong adolescents

Jiang¹,

Ho²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION The use of alternative tobacco products (ATPs) is becoming increasingly popular among the youth. This study aimed to assess cigarette-only smoking, exclusive ATP use, and concurrent use (cigarettes and ATPs) among adolescents in Hong Kong. METHODS We analyzed data of the Hong Kong School-based Survey on Smoking among Students 2012/13 from a representative sample of 45 857 secondary school students. Weighted prevalence of cigarette-only smoking, exclusive ATP use, and concurrent tobacco use were calculated. Multinomial logistic regression examined correlates of exclusive ATP use and concurrent use relative to cigarette-only smoking. Among current (past-30-days) cigarette smokers, multivariable logistic regression assessed whether ATP use was associated with nicotine dependence, quit intention and quit attempt. RESULTS Overall, 5.8% of adolescents reported current tobacco use (2.1% cigaretteonly smoking, 2.5% exclusive ATP use and 1.2% concurrent use). Compared with cigarette-only smoking, exclusive ATP use and concurrent tobacco use were associated with younger age, higher perceived family financial status, absence of cigarette smoking peers, poor knowledge about smoking and more frequent alcohol use. Among current cigarette smokers, ATP use was negatively associated with cigarette quit intention and quit attempt. CONCLUSIONS ATP use was as prevalent as cigarette smoking among adolescents, and ATP users were different from cigarette smokers in many demographic and psychosocial factors. Tobacco control programs among youth should target different types of tobacco users and address all forms of tobacco products. INTRODUCTIONTobacco use often begins in adolescence 1 . Today, the pattern of youth tobacco use has become more complex than ever before as alternative tobacco products (ATPs), such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and waterpipe, gain increased popularity. From 2011 to 2014, waterpipe smoking has doubled and e-cigarette use has increased more than 5-fold among U.S. middle and high school students 2,3 . In Poland 4 and New Zealand 5 , e-cigarette use has tripled among school students. A common reason for ATP use is that young people perceive ATPs as less harmful and less addictive than cigarettes 1 . However, ATPs may contain carbon monoxide, carcinogens and other toxicants [6][7][8] . ATPs often contain nicotine 9 , and therefore, ATP use is associated with increased likelihood of nicotine dependence 8,[10][11][12] , especially when used concurrently with cigarettes 1,12 . ATP use often occurs in combination with cigarette smoking, but exclusive ATP use is also prevalent [13][14][15] . Data from the 2012 U.S. National Youth Tobacco Survey showed that 14.6% of secondary school students were current (past-30-days) tobacco AFFILIATION

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Section: Concurrent Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Concurrent Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concurrent Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exclusive and concurrent use of cigarettes and alternative tobacco products among Hong Kong adolescents

Jiang¹,

Ho²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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“…Waterpipe is a common form of tobacco use in the Middle East that delivers substantial amounts of nicotine and is associated with nicotine dependence (Aboaziza and Eissenberg;Maziak, 2014). Furthermore, studies that looked into concurrent use of tobacco products has shown that dual smokers have the highest prevalence of nicotine dependence in contrast to exclusive users (Post et al, 2010;Timberlake, 2008;Tomar et al 2010). While such evidence is indicative of a potential role of nicotine dependence in mediating the association between waterpipe smoking and lower adherence, this cannot be asserted based on this finding alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Adherence, Withdrawal Symptoms and Changes in Body Mass Index: Finding from the First Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial in a Low-income Country Setting

Taleb¹

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However, there is a lack of information regarding these factors among smokers who attempt to quit in low-income country settings. The main objective of this study was to identify predictors of: 1) adherence to cessation treatment; 2) severity of withdrawal symptoms: and 3) post-cessation changes in body mass index among 269 smokers who attempted to quit in a randomized smoking cessation trial in a low-income country setting (Aleppo, Syria). All participants received behavioral counseling and were randomized to receive either 6 weeks of nicotine or placebo patch and were followed for one year.Findings from logistic regression showed that lower adherence to cessation treatment was associated with higher daily smoking, greater withdrawal symptoms, waterpipe use, being on placebo patch and the perception of receiving placebo patch. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses indicated that throughout the study, lower total withdrawal score was associated with greater education, older age of smoking initiation, higher confidence in ability to quit, higher adherence to patch, lower nicotine dependence, lower reported depression, waterpipe use and the perception of receiving nicotine patches rather than placebo. Further, smoking abstainers gained vii 1.8 BMI units (approximately 4.8kg) greater than non-abstainers over one year post quitting. In addition, greater BMI was associated with being female, smoking to control weight and having previously failed to quit due to weight gain.In conclusion, nicotine dependence, waterpipe use and expectancies regarding cessation treatment are important factors that influence adherence to cessation treatment and severity of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Moreover, targeted interventions that take into consideration the prevailing local and cultural influences on diet and levels of physical activity are recommended especially for females and smokers with weight concerns prior to quitting. Collectively, these findings will help in conducting future tailored effective cessation programs in Syria and other lowincome countries with similar levels of developments and tobacco use patterns.

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Comparing college smokers' and dual users' expectancies towards cigarette smoking

Gottlieb¹,

Cohen²,

Haslam³

2014

Addictive Behaviors

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Symptoms of nicotine dependence in a cohort of Swedish youths: a comparison between smokers, smokeless tobacco users and dual tobacco users

Abstract: Smokeless tobacco users show symptoms of nicotine dependence at least as frequently as cigarette smokers. Symptoms of nicotine dependence and of withdrawal during quit attempts are particularly frequent in the subgroup of users who combine smokeless tobacco with smoking.

Cited by 71 publications

References 28 publications

Exclusive and concurrent use of cigarettes and alternative tobacco products among Hong Kong adolescents

Exclusive and concurrent use of cigarettes and alternative tobacco products among Hong Kong adolescents

Predictors of Adherence, Withdrawal Symptoms and Changes in Body Mass Index: Finding from the First Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial in a Low-income Country Setting

Comparing college smokers' and dual users' expectancies towards cigarette smoking

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