Symptoms reported on the cornell medical index in relationship to hypertension and age

Wood, W. Gibson; Elias, Merrill F.; Schultz, Norman R.; Pentz, Clyde A.

doi:10.1080/03610737808257165

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, although hypertensive patients have been shown to have more physical and psychological complaints than normotensive subjects, the age of the patient does not appear to have any effect. 22 In our study, we found no influence of age on the prevalence of symptoms.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Prevalence of hypertension-attributed symptoms in routine clinical practice: a general practitioners-based study

Middeke¹,

Schaaf²,

Eckes

2007

J Hum Hypertens

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The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms generally attributed to hypertension and the relationship between symptoms and blood pressure categories. Routine office blood pressure measurement in the morning was obtained and morning symptoms were reported using a standardized questionnaire in a multicenter study from general practitioners in Germany. Dizziness and headaches were significantly (Po0.001) more prevalent in 2154 untreated hypertensives (19.6 and 17.0%) as compared with 1399 normotensives (13.6 and 7.4%), whereas tiredness was less in hypertensives (12.0 vs 17.0%, Po0.01). In untreated and in 52 469 treated hypertensives, the overall prevalence of symptoms increased constantly with blood pressure levels from 26.1% in untreated male patients with mild hypertension to 54.3% of female patients with severe treated hypertension, with a higher prevalence in women ( þ 7% vs men) and in patients with concomitant diseases ( þ 13% vs patients without concomitant diseases). The prevalence of symptoms in older patients with untreated isolated systolic hypertension was not different from younger normotensives. There was a tight positive correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and dizziness (R ¼ 0.73 and 0.76) as well as headaches (R ¼ 0.83 and 0.90) for all blood pressure levels in all patient groups. Typical hypertension-attributed symptoms like dizziness and headaches are more prevalent in hypertensives and they are closely related to blood pressure levels in untreated and treated hypertensives. Morning symptoms in hypertensives may suggest that there is inadequate control of blood pressure. More attention should be paid to perceived symptoms in hypertensives.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Prevalence of hypertension-attributed symptoms in routine clinical practice: a general practitioners-based study

Middeke¹,

Schaaf²,

Eckes

2007

J Hum Hypertens

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“…Unlike other chronic diseases that have characteristic symptom patterns—such as ulcers or breast cancer—hypertension is associated with complaints that vary tremendously across individuals and that include such diverse symptoms as headaches and breathlessness (Bulpitt, Dollery, & Carne, 1976; Filenius & Kochar, 1979; J. O. Robinson, 1969; Wood, Elias, Schultz, & Pentz, 1978). Moreover, some studies have found no complaints that were systematically or differentially associated with hypertension (e.g., Weiss, 1972).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure estimation and beliefs among normotensives and hypertensives.

Pennebaker¹,

Watson²

1988

Health Psychology

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Although health professionals believe that blood pressure (BP) is asymptomatic, most diagnosed hypertensives are confident that they experience specific symptoms and emotions that help them detect their BP levels. Several months after screening interviews that elicited subjects' BP beliefs, 14 medicated hypertensives, 15 nonmedicated mild hypertensives (diastolic BP greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg), 39 normotensives, and 13 hypotensives (systolic BP less than or equal to 100 mm Hg) participated in a 1- to 2-hr laboratory experiment that assessed each subject's symptoms, moods, and estimates of systolic BP (SBP) relative to actual SBP levels. Several self-reports and autonomic measures were collected 45 times during and after each of 22 tasks. Subjects never received SBP feedback during the experiment. Within-subject correlations indicated that all subject groups could estimate SBP at levels greater than chance (mean estimated SBP-actual SBP correlation = .25). Further, 68% of the subjects evidenced at least one significant symptom-SBP correlation. Although medicated hypertensives believed they could estimate their BP more accurately than other groups by using their symptoms and emotions, they were actually no more accurate than the other groups. They also evidenced far fewer empirically derived symptom-SBP and emotion-SBP correlations than any other group. Overall, BP beliefs were largely inaccurate. If these erroneous beliefs can be eliminated, subjects may be able to estimate BP fluctuations more accurately.

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“…Symptoms such as headaches have been attributed to HTN since as early as 1913 [11]. Throughout the remainder of the century, early studies aimed at investigating HTN reported a high prevalence of a wide range of other symptoms including dizziness, epistaxis, tinnitus, dyspnea, weakness, and drowsiness [12][13][14][15][16]. Early observational studies explored the occurrence and frequency of symptoms and attempted to characterize relationships between perceived symptoms and measured BP [17][18][19][20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptom experiences in hypertension: a mixed methods systematic review

Horne

Stayt

Schutz

et al. 2022

Journal of Hypertension

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Aim:Understanding patients’ hypertension (HTN) symptoms can assist healthcare professionals’ awareness of individual, cultural, and behavioral responses and improve diagnostic accuracy to optimize treatment. The purpose of this review was to evaluate and synthesize current literature exploring HTN symptoms.Methods:Databases searched included MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCO), Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2010 to January 2022. The search followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The McMaster critical review forms were used to determine the quality of both qualitative and quantitative articles. Synthesis of the data was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Convergent Integrated Approach to Mixed Study Systematic Reviews.Results:In total, 41 articles were included, nine qualitative studies and 32 quantitative. The quality of the articles varied. Symptoms included commonly reported symptoms and some less prevalent, including some reporting absence of symptoms. Factors that affected symptoms included culture, beliefs, psychosocial factors, and knowledge. We also found that there may be a bidirectional relationship between symptoms and behaviors that may lead to self-management.Conclusion:HTN is common and symptoms are frequently reported. HTN management is related to multiple factors. Symptoms continue in a number of individuals after initial diagnosis. Evaluating symptoms after initial diagnosis may help to optimally manage and meet blood pressure guidelines.

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Symptoms reported on the cornell medical index in relationship to hypertension and age

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Prevalence of hypertension-attributed symptoms in routine clinical practice: a general practitioners-based study

Prevalence of hypertension-attributed symptoms in routine clinical practice: a general practitioners-based study

Blood pressure estimation and beliefs among normotensives and hypertensives.

Symptom experiences in hypertension: a mixed methods systematic review

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