Synaptic organization, local neuronal circuitry, and functional segregation of the teleost olfactory bulb

Satou, Masahiko

doi:10.1016/0301-0082(90)90004-z

Cited by 105 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 134 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The cloning of odorant receptors and the structure and mapping of early olfactory circuits have been comprehensively reviewed over the last decade (Axel 1995;Boeckh & Tolbert 1993;Buck 1996;Hildebrand & Shepherd 1997;Mombaerts et al 1996b;Satou 1990;Scott et al 1993;Shepherd 1993Shepherd , 1994Shipley & Ennis 1996). We here focus on a computational view of odor encoding within the vertebrate main olfactory bulb (OB) and the analogous circuit in insects, the main antennal lobe (AL), excluding macroglomerular or specialized pheromonal centers (Dulac 1997, Keverne 1999.…”

Section: Goals and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent physiological and imaging studies also revealed that the spatial coherence of oscillatory activity across or between olfactory areas can be complex (Lam et al 1999) and, in behaving animals, context dependent (Kay & Freeman 1998). Odor-evoked oscillatory activity has since been observed in most animal classes, including mollusks (Gelperin & Tank 1990), insects (Laurent & Naraghi 1994), fish (Satou 1990), amphibians (Ottoson 1959), reptiles (Beuerman 1975), and mammals, including primates (Hughes & Mazurowski 1962). Early computational studies indicated that lateral and reciprocal synapses between mitral cells (MCs) and GCs could generate the oscillatory patterning observed experimentally (Rall & Shepherd 1968).…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Odor Encoding as an Active, Dynamical Process: Experiments, Computation, and Theory

Laurent

Stopfer

Friedrich

et al. 2001

Annu. Rev. Neurosci.

421

327

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Words olfaction, olfactory bulb, antennal lobe, learning, dynamical systems, oscillations s Abstract We examine early olfactory processing in the vertebrate and insect olfactory systems, using a computational perspective. What transformations occur between the first and second olfactory processing stages? What are the causes and consequences of these transformations? To answer these questions, we focus on the functions of olfactory circuit structure and on the role of time in odor-evoked integrative processes. We argue that early olfactory relays are active and dynamical networks, whose actions change the format of odor-related information in very specific ways, so as to refine stimulus identification. Finally, we introduce a new theoretical framework ("winnerless competition") for the interpretation of these data. INTRODUCTIONThe olfactory brain converts generally complex air-or water-borne chemical mixtures into singular signatures, experienced as vivid percepts. Such transformations are achieved by way of only a few brain stations-olfactory circuits are shallower than their visual and auditory counterparts-and are strongly tied to emotions and to memories acquired through other modalities. Understanding olfactory coding is thus an ambitious enterprise whose scope goes much beyond that of this review. We focus here on the sensory transformations accomplished 0147-006X/01/0301-0263$14.00 263 Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2001.24:263-297 264LAURENT ET AL by the first two processing stages, that is, olfactory receptors and postsynaptic structures.As with any sense, understanding olfaction first requires defining the problems it has evolved to solve (Attneave 1954, Barlow 1969: segmenting an odor into its various constituents, as a chemist might do, does not appear to be one of these functions (Lawless 1997, Cain & Potts 1996. Rather, olfaction is a synthetic sense par excellence. Olfaction enables pattern learning, storage, recognition, tracking, or localization and attaches "meaning" to these patterns. By meaning we imply the richer set of associations acquired through other senses as well as hedonic (pleasant/unpleasant) and emotional valence-both of which have no physical reality outside the brain. Each one of these tasks needs to be better defined; recognition, for example, encompasses at least categorization, identification, and separation. The abilities to categorize and to identify a priori each imply very different kinds of processing; for example, categorization disregards small differences, whereas identification emphasizes them. We show how a single circuit can in fact accomplish both, through the use of dynamics.We should also exploit our understanding of the physics of odors. In vision, much attention has been given to the statistics of natural images (Field 1987(Field , 1994Olshausen & Field 1996;Rudderman 1994). Correlations across space and time make natural images highly nonstochastic. Also, the spatial-frequency ( f ) content of a natural image, be it a face or a landscape, obeys a 1/f α distributio...

show abstract

Section: Goals and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor Encoding as an Active, Dynamical Process: Experiments, Computation, and Theory

Laurent

Stopfer

Friedrich

et al. 2001

Annu. Rev. Neurosci.

421

327

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3) [46]. GnRH enhanced the amplitude of field potentials that were evoked by retrograde stimulation of either the lateral or medial olfactory tract that conveys food (amino acids) or pheromonal information, respectively [47]. Furthermore, our data suggested that the increased amplitude of the field potential results from changes in the presynaptic release of glutamate from the mitral cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 67%

Mechanisms of Neuromodulation by a Nonhypophysiotropic GnRH System Controlling Motivation of Reproductive Behavior in the Teleost Brain

Abe

Oka

2011

Journal of Reproduction and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Fine tuning of the nervous system in response to intrinsic and extrinsic cues is necessary for successful reproductive behavior. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) was originally identified as a hypophysiotropic hormone that facilitates the release of gonadotropins from the pituitary. Although later studies reported their presence, the nonhypophysiotropic GnRH systems, which consist of two groups located in the terminal nerve (TN) and the midbrain tegmentum, respectively, has long been overshadowed by the hypophysiotropic GnRH system. By taking advantage of the teleost brains in which all three GnRH systems are well developed, the anatomical and electrophysiological properties of all three groups of GnRH neurons have been studied. However, despite our increasing endocrinological knowledge, we know very little about the manner of information flow by nonhypophysiotropic neuromodulatory GnRH neurons in the brain. In this article, we will review recent advances in the studies of nonhypophysiotropic GnRH neurons from cellular to behavioral levels. We will first discuss general features of the information processing by peptides and then introduce our recent approaches toward the understanding of the excitation-secretion coupling mechanism of single GnRH neuron using our newly developed primary culture system of isolated TN-GnRH3 neurons. We also introduce autocrine/paracrine regulation of TN-GnRH3 neurons by NPFF peptides for synchronization among them. In addition, we highlight recent advances in the neuromodulatory action of GnRH peptide on the information processing of sensory neuronal circuits and reproductive behavior. These multidisciplinary approaches will greatly advance our understanding of the complex action of GnRH peptides in relation to the brain control of reproduction.Key words: Excitation-secretion coupling, GnRH, Neuromodulation, Reproductive behavior, Sensory modulation (J. Reprod. Dev. 57: [665][666][667][668][669][670][671][672][673][674] 2011) R eproduction is a pivotal process for the continuation and evolution of life, and every organism exists as the result of reproduction. To increase their fitness, animals should be able to flexibly control their physiological status in regard to reproductions in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic cues, including photoperiods, climate changes, social interactions, stress and nutrition, which are detected by corresponding sensory systems.In vertebrates, it has been well established that the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays an important role in the control of reproductive functions, such as control of the menstrual cycle, gonadal maturation and mating behavior, etc. GnRH was originally identified as a hypophysiotropic hormone that is produced in the preoptic area and facilitates the release of gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone) from the pituitary. The release of GnRH is regulated by gonadal steroid feedback mechanisms. A growing body of evidence recently suggests the importance of the kiss...

show abstract

“…Because olfactory glomeruli in teleosts are much less well defined than those in mammals (Satou, 1990), axons could simply be passing glomeruli en route to juxtaposed glomeruli. We searched for terminal fields with only magenta or green axons, but did not find any.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed input to olfactory glomeruli from two subsets of ciliated sensory neurons does not seem to impede relay neuron specificity in the crucian carp

Hansson

Døving

Skjeldal

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The consensus view of olfactory processing is that the axons of receptor-specific primary olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) converge to a small subset of glomeruli, thus preserving the odour identity before the olfactory information is processed in higher brain centres. In the present study, we show that two different subsets of ciliated OSNs with different odorant specificities converge to the same glomeruli. In order to stain different ciliated OSNs in the crucian carp Carassius carassius we used two different chemical odorants, a bile salt and a purported alarm substance, together with fluorescent dextrans. The dye is transported within the axons and stains glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Interestingly, the axons from the ciliated OSNs co-converge to the same glomeruli. Despite intermingled innervation of glomeruli, axons and terminal fields from the two different subsets of ciliated OSNs remained mono-coloured. By 4-6 days after staining, the dye was transported trans-synaptically to separately stained axons of relay neurons. These findings demonstrate that specificity of the primary neurons is retained in the olfactory pathways despite mixed innervation of the olfactory glomeruli. The results are discussed in relation to the emerging concepts about nonmammalian glomeruli.

show abstract

Synaptic organization, local neuronal circuitry, and functional segregation of the teleost olfactory bulb

Cited by 105 publications

References 134 publications

Odor Encoding as an Active, Dynamical Process: Experiments, Computation, and Theory

Odor Encoding as an Active, Dynamical Process: Experiments, Computation, and Theory

Mechanisms of Neuromodulation by a Nonhypophysiotropic GnRH System Controlling Motivation of Reproductive Behavior in the Teleost Brain

Mixed input to olfactory glomeruli from two subsets of ciliated sensory neurons does not seem to impede relay neuron specificity in the crucian carp

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About