Synaptic transmission correlates of general mental ability

McRorie, Margaret; Cooper, Colin

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2003.12.003

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Physiological research suggests a plausible neural basis for individual differences in processing speed task performance. Faster central nervous system (CNS) nerve conduction velocity (NCV) predicts higher g ( Reed and Jensen, 1992 ), and greater intra-subject variability in CNS NCV contributes to greater RT variability and lower IQ ( Barrett et al, 1990 ) even though inter-subject variability in peripheral nervous system NCV is not a reliable predictor of g ( Barrett et al, 1990 ; Barrett and Eysenck, 1993 ; Rijsdijk et al, 1995 ; McRorie and Cooper, 2004 ). Additionally, Burzynska et al (2013) observed greater structural integrity, as measured by white matter tracts, was associated with a more efficient use of task-related gray matter processing resources in task-positive regions on an n-back working memory task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the neural bases for intra-subject cognitive efficiency changes using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Rao

Motes

2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Several fMRI studies have examined brain regions mediating inter-subject variability in cognitive efficiency, but none have examined regions mediating intra-subject variability in efficiency. Thus, the present study was designed to identify brain regions involved in intra-subject variability in cognitive efficiency via participant-level correlations between trial-level reaction time (RT) and trial-level fMRI BOLD percent signal change on a processing speed task. On each trial, participants indicated whether a digit-symbol probe-pair was present or absent in an array of nine digit-symbol probe-pairs while fMRI data were collected. Deconvolution analyses, using RT time-series models (derived from the proportional scaling of an event-related hemodynamic response function model by trial-level RT), were used to evaluate relationships between trial-level RTs and BOLD percent signal change. Although task-related patterns of activation and deactivation were observed in regions including bilateral occipital, bilateral parietal, portions of the medial wall such as the precuneus, default mode network regions including anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, bilateral temporal, right cerebellum, and right cuneus, RT-BOLD correlations were observed in a more circumscribed set of regions. Positive RT-BOLD correlations, where fast RTs were associated with lower BOLD percent signal change, were observed in regions including bilateral occipital, bilateral parietal, and the precuneus. RT-BOLD correlations were not observed in the default mode network indicating a smaller set of regions associated with intra-subject variability in cognitive efficiency. The results are discussed in terms of a distributed area of regions that mediate variability in the cognitive efficiency that might underlie processing speed differences between individuals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the neural bases for intra-subject cognitive efficiency changes using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Rao

Motes

2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…This clearly makes for a tautology; the more complex the task, the more likely it is that the same cognitive strategies/networks that are used in the ability tests will be used to solve the cognitive tasks. This is another reason to focus on low-level measures of reaction-time, rather as McRorie & Cooper (2004) did when studying the link between reflex latencies and intelligence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed of saccadic responses and intelligence: An exponential-Gaussian analysis

Wilson

Papageorgiou

Cooper

2020

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…Studies showed that people with CP due to difficulties in physical and mental function, social support and other features have difficulty with rhythmic perception, rhythmic performance of movement and responsiveness rhythmic auditory stimuli (Kwak & Kim, 2013;McRorie & Cooper, 2004). The difficulty of understanding rhythmic sounds restricts the efficiency of movement and creates psychological distress, with consistent tendency for isolation and negative emotions towards familiar environment and self (Manuel, Naughton, Balkrishnan, Paterson-Smith, & Koman, 2003;Shields, Murdoch, Loy, Dodd, & Taylor, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

JPES

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Abstract:The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of a music and movement intervention program on gait, balance and psychological parameters of 10 male athletes in throwing events (ball and disc) with Cerebral Palsy (CP) (spastic hemiplegia), all coming from a sport club in Thessaloniki. Participants were divided randomly by methodical selection into two groups, the Intervention Group (IG) (n=5) and the Control Group (CG) (n=5). The IG participated in a music and movement program of 16 sessions (8 weeks, with a frequency of 2 times/week for 50 minutes per session), which designed on the base of the theory of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) method. Audit results showed differences on gait, balance and psychological parameters were statistically significant (p≤.05) prior and after the intervention program for the IG, but not for the CG (p>.05). In conclusion, the application of a music and movement program designed on the base of the theory of RAS method had a positive and significant influence in motor and psychological skills.

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Synaptic transmission correlates of general mental ability

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Investigating the neural bases for intra-subject cognitive efficiency changes using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Investigating the neural bases for intra-subject cognitive efficiency changes using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Speed of saccadic responses and intelligence: An exponential-Gaussian analysis

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