Synaptophysin: a marker protein for neuroendocrine cells and neoplasms.

Wiedenmann, Bertram; Franke, Werner W.; Kühn, Caecilia; Moll, Roland; Gould, Victor E.

doi:10.1073/pnas.83.10.3500

Cited by 419 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Immunoreactivity for synaptophysin was identified in 72% of the 18 tumors evaluated, and one of these tumors also coexpressed chromogranin. Synaptophysin is a 38-kd transmembrane calcium-binding glycoprotein typically found in neuronal presynaptic vesicles (47,48) and is expressed by neuroendocrine and neuroectoderm-derived cells (49,50). Synaptophysin has been shown to be a useful marker of neuroendocrine differentiation when the monoclonal antibody SY38 is used (50).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma: A Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Ploidy Analysis of 23 Cases

et al. 2000

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Twenty-three cases of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, evaluated at the Mayo Clinic between 1968 and 1996, were studied for clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical profile, Ki-67 activity, and ploidy status to identify adverse prognostic factors. Females and males were equally affected, and the median age at diagnosis was 50 years. The tumors were located mainly in the lower extremities (83%), and the median tumor size was 9.5 cm. Sixteen tumors showed low cellularity (70%), and eight tumors had high mitotic activity (more than two per 10 high-power fields). The tumors were immunoreactive for vimentin (89%), synaptophysin (72%), epithelial membrane antigen (28%), and S-100 protein (17%). Nine tumors were diploid, three aneuploid, and one tetraploid. Mean Ki-67 activity was 11% (range, 1 to 45%). The 10-year overall survival rate was 78%. On univariate analysis, tumor size > 10 cm, high cellularity, presence of anaplasia or rhabdoid features, mitotic activity more than two per 10 high-power fields, Ki-67 > 10%, and Ki-67 "hot spot" > 25% were associated with decreased metastasis-free or overall survival. Ploidy status was not associated with any adverse outcome. The presence of any of these adverse prognostic factors can indicate the possibility of a more aggressive behavior in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, and a closer follow-up is suggested. ) reassessed the clinical features of EMC in a series of 10 patients and showed the "indolent but resilient" nature of this neoplasm; 7 of the patients died of tumor up to 17 years after the initial diagnosis. Seven years later, Meis-Kindblom et al. (4) studied a large series of EMCs, most consultation cases, and showed that older age, larger tumor size, and proximal tumor location were associated with decreased survival by multivariate analysis.The histogenesis of EMC is still a subject of controversy. However, chondroblastic differentiation has been supported by ultrastructural (5-15) and histochemical (16 -18) studies. In addition, cytogenetic and molecular analyses have shown that EMC is a distinct entity with the characteristic translocation t(9;22) involving the EWS gene (22q12) and the TEC gene (9q22) in a majority of the cases (19 -29).We reviewed the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ploidy features in a series of 23 cases of EMC evaluated at a single institution to identify potential prognostic factors associated with a more aggressive behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODSTwenty-three patients in whom EMC was diagnosed between 1968 and 1996 were included in this study. Eighteen patients with EMC were diagnosed and primarily treated at the Mayo Clinic, and five patients were referred by other institutions for additional treatment or evaluation. Fifteen cases from this series will be described in another article (30).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma: A Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Ploidy Analysis of 23 Cases

et al. 2000

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“…Indianapolis, Ind., USA) or anti-chymotrypsin (1:5,000, gift of Dr. G. Kloppel, University of Kiel, Germany). Since synaptophysin is a marker for neuroendocrine cells [24], it allows a comparison of total endocrine and total duct-cell volumes; it can also indicate the appearance, if they exist, of other endocrine cells than those classically identified in adult islets. Sections were washed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 0.1 mmol, pH 7.4) and incubated with a peroxidase labelled anti mouse (1/20, Amersham, UK), anti rabbit (1/20, Amersham, UK) or anti guinea pig (1:100, Cappel, Aurora, Ohio) secondary antibody for 30 min at room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of insulin-positive cells in implants of human pancreatic duct cell preparations from young donors

et al. 2003

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Aims/hypothesis. Pancreatic ducts are considered as potential sites for neogenesis of beta cells. In vitro studies have reported formation of islets from postnatal human and rodent duct tissue. We examined whether postnatal human duct-cell preparations can generate new beta cells after transplantation. Methods. Pancreatic duct cells were prepared from the non-endocrine fraction of human donor pancreases that were processed for islet-cell isolation. Grafts containing 0.5 million duct cells with 1% contaminating insulin-positive cells were implanted under the kidney capsule of normoglycaemic nude mice. At 0.5 and 10 weeks post-transplantation, implants were examined for their cellular composition and for the volumes of their composing cell populations, i.e. cytokeratin 19-positive duct cells, synaptophysin-, insulin-and glucagon-positive endocrine cells. Results. Between week 0.5 and 10, duct-cell volume decreased by at least 90% whereas the change in insulin-positive cell volume depended on donor age. Implants from donors over10 years had a threefold decrease in their insulin-positive cell volume, while those from donors under 10 years had a 2.5-fold increase. After 10 weeks, the implants from the younger donors consisted of 19% insulin-positive cells occurring as single units or small cell clusters. Three percent of these insulin-positive cells also expressed the ductal marker CK 19 and were consistently found in conjunction with ductal epithelia; up to 1% was positive for the proliferation marker BrdU and located in small endocrine cell clusters. Conclusions/interpretation. These data indicate that duct cell preparations from donors under 10 years can generate insulin-positive cells. This process might involve differentiation of CK 19-positive-insulin cells that are formed at the duct epithelia as well as proliferation of insulin-positive cells within endocrine cell aggregates. [Diabetologia (2003) 46:830-838]

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“…A similar distribution of K V 1.4 containing channels has previously been demonstrated in excitatory neurons of the hippocampal formation in the brain and was localised to axonal segments and pre-synaptic termini (Cooper et al 1998). We therefore investigated whether K V 1.4 is specifically localised to these areas in enteric neurons with indirect immunofluorescent double-staining employing antibodies raised against two corresponding neuronal peptides: neurofilament (NF) (Diepholder et al 1991;Luider et al 1992) and synaptophysin (Wiedenmann et al 1986;Stefaneanu et al 1988). Neurofilaments belong to the intermediate filament family…”

Section: Characterisation Of Enteric Neuronal K V 14 Localisationmentioning

confidence: 55%

The role of humoral autoimmunity in gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases

Hubball

Martin

Lang

et al. 2009

Progress in Neurobiology

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Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal neuromuscular apparatus (including interstitial cells ofCajal) is presumed to underlie a heterogeneous group of disorders collectively termed gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases (GINMDs). Humoral (antibody)-mediated autoimmunity directed against ligand-or voltage-gated ion channels or associated proteins involved in neuromuscular transmission is associated with several acquired neuromuscular diseases of the periphery and is now implicated in an increasing number of less well-characterised diseases. Anti-channel antibodies have been reported in small numbers of patients with GINMD, particularly in those with GI dysfunction secondary to an underlying disease such as neoplasia or infection. However, little is known of humoral autoimmunity in primary GINMDs.This thesis investigated the association between anti-channel antibodies and GINMD, and the human GI tract as a potential target of anti-channel antibodies. The presence of antivoltage-and ligand-gated antibodies was investigated in the serum of patients with primary achalasia, enteric dysmotility and intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and in those with GINMD secondary to Chagas' disease. The functional effect of sera from some of these patients on colonic smooth muscle contractility was also characterised. Finally, the distribution of six voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs), which serve essential roles in the peripheral and central nervous systems and are known targets of pathological autoantibodies, were investigated in all layers of the human GI tract.Our findings suggest that currently recognised anti-channel antibodies are not a common pathogenic factor in primary GINMDs. Anti-channel antibodies, in particular anti-VGKC antibodies, were however found in a significant number of individuals with Chagas' disease. Furthermore, circulating factors in patients with chagasic GI disease altered GI smooth muscle contractility in vitro which may have pathological relevance to GI

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Synaptophysin: a marker protein for neuroendocrine cells and neoplasms.

Abstract: Synaptophysin is an integral membrane glycoprotein (Mr 38,000) We conclude that synaptophysin is expressed independently of other neuronal differentiation markers and propose that it be used as a differentiation marker in tumor diagnosis.

Cited by 419 publications

References 22 publications

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma: A Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Ploidy Analysis of 23 Cases

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma: A Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Ploidy Analysis of 23 Cases

Formation of insulin-positive cells in implants of human pancreatic duct cell preparations from young donors

The role of humoral autoimmunity in gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases

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