This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of short-term rentals (STRs) in the context of tourism, based on a systematic literature review (SLR) of the past six years. The review, conducted using the PRISMA tool and focusing on European studies, offers a deep understanding of the topic and instils confidence in the research findings. The review of 98 articles from 67 journals published between 2018 and the end of 2023 reveals a significant increase in the number of papers, covering a wide range of theories, practices, methods, and results. The study categorises the significant topics identified, such as economic and socio-cultural impacts, competitiveness, and resilience of destinations, across various dimensions of the subject areas. It also underscores the need for further analysis and explores direct linkages between STRs and tourism, providing new future directions aligned with emerging travel trends on tourism demand, which could significantly shape the future of the tourism sector.