Dynamics of discrete-time neural networks have not been well documented yet in fractional-order cases, which is the first time documented in this manuscript. This manuscript is mainly considered on the stability criterion of discrete-time fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delays. When the fractional-order holds 1 < < 2, sufficient criteria based on a discrete version of generalized Gronwall inequality and rising function property are established for ensuring the finite stability of addressing fractional-order discrete-time-delayed complex-valued neural networks (FODCVNNs). In the meanwhile, when the fractional-order holds 0 < < 1, a global Mittag-Leffler stability criterion of a class of FODCVNNs is demonstrated with two classes of neuron activation function by means of two different new inequalities, fractional-order discrete-time Lyapunov method, discrete version Laplace transforms as well as a discrete version of Mittag-Leffler function. Finally, computer simulations of two numerical examples are illustrated to the correctness and effectiveness of the presented stability results.