Utilizing the three-dimensional Bao system as a basis, we propose a hyper-chaotic circuit system and develop a dimensionless mathematical model by incorporating the smooth cubic nonlinear flux control arrester model as the feedback component. The dynamic characteristics, equilibrium set, and stability of the system are investigated through the utilization of Lyapunov exponential spectrum and bifurcation diagrams. Subsequently, we design the hardware circuit and simulate its analog equivalent circuit, demonstrating consistent results with the numerical simulation. Additionally, we construct an adaptive sliding mode filter controller for ensuring asymptotic stability of the system under external interference and unknown parameters conditions. By integrating the Lyapunov stability principle, we effectively control the Bao hyper-chaotic system. In the final section of this paper, the results of numerical simulation and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed controller, thus establishing a solid foundation for the practical application of memristor chaotic circuits.