Synchronizing beta cells in the pancreas

Peercy, Bradford E; Hodson, David J

doi:10.7554/elife.95103

eLife

2024

DOI: 10.7554/elife.95103

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Synchronizing beta cells in the pancreas

Bradford E Peercy,

David J Hodson

Abstract: The secretion of insulin from the pancreas relies on both gap junctions and subpopulations of beta cells with specific intrinsic properties.

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Cited by 2 publications

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Garlic Extract Promotes Pancreatic Islet Neogenesis Through α‐to‐β‐Cell Transdifferentiation and Normalizes Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Rats

Al‐Adsani,

Al‐Qattan,

Barhoush

et al. 2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeGarlic extract (GE) has been shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic rats (DRs) by increasing insulin production. However, the mechanism through which it exerts its effects remains unclear. Here, it investigates the molecular process and the origin of regenerating β‐cell in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes in response to GE.Methods and resultsIn this study, quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis are carried out after pancreas isolation. These findings show that 1 week of GE treatment increases the expression of the endocrine progenitor cell markers Neurogenin3 (Neurog3), pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (Neurod1), paired box proteins (Pax)4, V‐maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (Mafb), and NK homeobox factors (Nkx)6‐1 in STZ‐induced DRs. Continuation with GE treatment for 8 weeks causes the expression of the mature β‐cell markers insulin(Ins)2, urocortin3 (Ucn3), and glucose transporter 2 (Glut2) to peak. Comprehensive examination of the islet through immunohistochemical analysis reveals the presence of a heterogeneous cell population including INS+/GLUT2− and INS+/GLUT2+ β‐cell subpopulations with few bihormonal INS+/GCG+ cells after 4 weeks. By week 8, islet architecture is reestablished, and glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion was restored through the upregulation of Ucn3.ConclusionGE induces β‐cell neogenesis in DRs and restores islet architecture. The newly formed mature β‐like cells could have originated through the differentiation of endocrine progenitor cells as well as α‐ to β‐cell transdifferentiation.

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Garlic Extract Promotes Pancreatic Islet Neogenesis Through α‐to‐β‐Cell Transdifferentiation and Normalizes Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Rats

Al‐Adsani,

Al‐Qattan,

Barhoush

et al. 2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Untangling the genetics of beta cell dysfunction and death in type 1 diabetes

Robertson,

Elgamal,

Henry-Kanarek

et al. 2024

Molecular Metabolism

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Synchronizing beta cells in the pancreas

Abstract: The secretion of insulin from the pancreas relies on both gap junctions and subpopulations of beta cells with specific intrinsic properties.

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Garlic Extract Promotes Pancreatic Islet Neogenesis Through α‐to‐β‐Cell Transdifferentiation and Normalizes Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Rats

Garlic Extract Promotes Pancreatic Islet Neogenesis Through α‐to‐β‐Cell Transdifferentiation and Normalizes Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Rats

Untangling the genetics of beta cell dysfunction and death in type 1 diabetes

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