Synchrotron-based multiple-beam FTIR chemical imaging of a multi-layered polymer in transmission and reflection: towards cultural heritage applications

Unger, Miriam; Mattson, Eric C.; Patterson, Catherine Schmidt; Alavi, Zahrasadet; Carson, David; Hirschmugl, Carol J.

doi:10.1007/s00339-012-7481-6

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The analysis of cross-sections in transmission/absorption, attenuated total internal reflection (ATR), and external reflection configurations have all been reported. The analysis and chemical mapping of thin sections in transmission/absorption configuration [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] can generate very good results; however, it is not always possible to prepare thin sections suitable for transmission/absorption experiments from cultural heritage objects with varying porosity, friability, heterogeneity and relative hardness of the components [17]. The mapping of paint components in thick, resin-embedded cross-sections can be performed with ATR-FTIR [18][19][20][21][22], which involves simpler sample preparation than required for transmission/absorption and can also provide higher spatial resolutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared chemical mapping of degradation products in cross-sections from paintings and painted objects

Henderson¹,

Helwig²,

Read

et al. 2019

Herit Sci

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Paintings and painted objects are quite susceptible to degradation, as paint layers are usually composed of complex mixtures of materials that can participate in chemical degradation processes. The identification of the constituent materials in paint (including binders, pigments, and fillers) and the degradation products within paint layers is of particular importance to ensuring the conservation of paintings, by providing important information both about their material history as well as their state of conservation. Metal fatty acid salts (metal soaps) are degradation products that can form in situ from interactions between inorganic pigments and free fatty acids in oil-based binding media, and can cause significant condition issues in paintings. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is one of the leading analytical techniques for the study of metal soaps. In this article, the materials analysis of several cross-sections from paintings and painted objects from works in Canadian collections is presented. Recent results on the use of external reflection FTIR (R-FTIR) spectroscopy to identify and map the distribution of paint components and metal soap degradation products is presented. In particular, zinc, lead, calcium, and copper fatty acid salts were all readily identified in paint cross-sections by R-FTIR spectroscopy, along with several pigments and the oil binding medium. The results shown here are among the first detailed examinations of these metal soaps in paint cross-sections using R-FTIR spectroscopy. The use of highly polished samples in which specular reflection is dominant allowed for spectral transformations to be applied to generate transmission/absorption-like spectra which facilitated identification of these species. The distribution of these species across the cross-sections was mapped by integrating characteristic absorption features in the R-FTIR spectra. Attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) FTIR spectroscopy was also performed on several samples, which provided additional compositional details at the interface of paint layers and degradation products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared chemical mapping of degradation products in cross-sections from paintings and painted objects

Henderson¹,

Helwig²,

Read

et al. 2019

Herit Sci

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“…Spectra were recorded in reflectance mode using a Thermo Nicolet 6700 FTIR spectrometer and an infrared microscope with the following settings: aperture size 20 × 20 μm 2 , step size 10 × 10 μm 2 , resolution 4 cm −1 , spectral range 4000–650 cm −1 and 64 scans for mapping; aperture size 20 μm, step size 1 × 1 μm 2 , resolution 4 cm −1 , spectral range 4000–650 cm −1 and 128 scans for stacking of μ‐FTIR (Du et al ., 2019; Yu et al ., 2019). Both spectral mapping and the stacks of single FTIR spectra from μ‐FTIR images was further processed using Omnic 9.0 software (Thermo Fisher Scientific) (Unger et al ., 2013). FTIR spectral background removal, normalization and automatic baseline correction were achieved using Omnic 9.0 software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic enzyme‐like activity of magnetite particles is enhanced by cultivation with Trichoderma guizhouense

Chi

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2020

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Fungal–mineral interactions can produce large amounts of biogenic nano‐size (~ 1–100 nm) minerals, yet their influence on fungal physiology and growth remains largely unexplored. Using Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742 and magnetite (Mt) as a model fungus and mineral system, we have shown for the first time that biogenic Mt nanoparticles formed during fungal–mineral cultivation exhibit intrinsic peroxidase‐like activity. Specifically, the average peroxidase‐like activity of Mt nanoparticles after 72 h cultivation was ~ 2.4 times higher than that of the original Mt. Evidence from high resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated that the unique properties of magnetite nanoparticles largely stemmed from their high proportion of surface non‐lattice oxygen, through occupying surface oxygen‐vacant sites, rather than Fe redox chemistry, which challenges conventional Fenton reaction theories that assume iron to be the sole redox‐active centre. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry with a resolution down to 50 nm demonstrated that a thin (< 1 μm) oxygen‐film was present on the surface of fungal hyphae. Furthermore, synchrotron radiation‐based micro‐FTIR spectra revealed that surface oxygen groups corresponded mainly to organic OH, mineral OH and carbonyl groups. Together, these findings highlight an important, but unrecognized, catalytic activity of mineral nanoparticles produced by fungal–mineral interactions and contribute substantially to our understanding of mineral nanoparticles in natural ecosystems.

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“…Two examples to demonstrate the potential in the study of polymeric materials are presented in the lower panel of Figure 12. The first case shows analysis of a 3 m thick crosssection of a multilayer oxygen barrier film that was prepared by embedding in a polyester resin and microtomed [ 82 ]. The second case shows a study of the distribution of poly(acrylic acid), PAA in laminates of poly(vinyl alcohol), PVOH and nanofibrillated cellulose, NFC [ 83 ].…”

Section: D and 3d Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges for polymer science using synchrotron-based infrared spectroscopy

Ellis

Martin

2016

European Polymer Journal

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Many breakthrough advances that are often at the cutting edge of technological development take place at synchrotron facilities. In the case of IR spectroscopy, the last decade has seen important developments in infrared instrumentation incorporated to and developed at synchrotron facilities to take advantages of the characteristics of the bright synchrotron source. In this feature article we describe the origin and nature of synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy, highlighting some of the key developments that will make a future impact in the study of macromolecular materials, and illustrating several applications in the area of polymer science.

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Synchrotron-based multiple-beam FTIR chemical imaging of a multi-layered polymer in transmission and reflection: towards cultural heritage applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Infrared chemical mapping of degradation products in cross-sections from paintings and painted objects

Infrared chemical mapping of degradation products in cross-sections from paintings and painted objects

Intrinsic enzyme‐like activity of magnetite particles is enhanced by cultivation with Trichoderma guizhouense

Opportunities and challenges for polymer science using synchrotron-based infrared spectroscopy

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