Syndrome of Iron Deficiency Anemia, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hypogonadism, Dwarfism and Geophagia

Prasad, Ananda S.; Halsted, James A.; Nadimi, Manucher; Iran, Shiraz

doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1983.tb07160.x

Cited by 71 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The effects of Zn deficiency in humans were first reported in the 1960s [131,132] and include growth retardation, cognitive impairment and immune dysfunction [133]. Zinc is also involved with metallothionine synthesis, which is thought to inhibit free radical production [134].…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence

Silvera

Rohan

2007

Cancer Causes Control

284

123

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Worldwide, there are more than 10 million new cancer cases each year, and cancer is the cause of approximately 12% of all deaths. Given this, a large number of epidemiologic studies have been undertaken to identify potential risk factors for cancer, amongst which the association with trace elements has received considerable attention. Trace elements, such as selenium, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, and nickel, are found naturally in the environment, and human exposure derives from a variety of sources, including air, drinking water, and food. Trace elements are of particular interest given that the levels of exposure to them are potentially modifiable. In this review, we focus largely on the association between each of the trace elements noted above and risk of cancers of the lung, breast, colorectum, prostate, urinary bladder, and stomach. Overall, the evidence currently available appears to support an inverse association between selenium exposure and prostate cancer risk, and possibly also a reduction in risk with respect to lung cancer, although additional prospective studies are needed. There is also limited evidence for an inverse association between zinc and breast cancer, and again, prospective studies are needed to confirm this. Most studies have reported no association between selenium and risk of breast, colorectal, and stomach cancer, and between zinc and prostate cancer risk. There is compelling evidence in support of positive associations between arsenic and risk of both lung and bladder cancers, and between cadmium and lung cancer risk.

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Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence

Silvera

Rohan

2007

Cancer Causes Control

284

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The use of a low hair zinc level to indicate poor zinc nutriture was established in the 1960s when Prasad and co-workers reported the first cases of human zinc deficiency in young Middle Eastern men [1,2]. One decade later, low hair zinc was found to be common among healthy low-income American children [3], and the existence of a subtle and mild zinc deficiency in these children was confirmed through a supplementation program [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Age-Based Differences in Hair Zinc of Vancouver Preschoolers

Vaghri

Barr

Wong

et al. 2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Marginal zinc deficiency (MZD), the subclinical stage of zinc deficiency, is common in industrialized societies. Serum zinc, the most common biomarker of zinc status, lacks sensitivity and specificity to diagnose this deficiency. Hair zinc, however, is sensitive and specific enough to detect MZD in children. Differences in hair zinc associated with age and sex have been reported. These differences have not been investigated thoroughly; therefore, interpretation of the results of hair analyses is difficult. This cross-sectional study was designed to examine the hair zinc status of a group of Vancouver preschoolers (24-71 months) and assess the age- and sex-based differences in their hair zinc. Hair samples were obtained (n = 719) and analyzed for zinc using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Our results indicated a mean hair zinc of 115 +/- 43 microg/g with 17% below the low hair zinc cutoff (70 microg/g). Boys and girls had comparable mean hair zinc, while girls had a significantly higher occurrence of low hair zinc than boys (21% vs. 12%). Children <4 years of age had significantly lower mean hair zinc and higher rate of low hair zinc compared to children > or =4. Our study provides important reference values for the hair zinc of healthy North American preschoolers.

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“…Another trace element of interest is Fe which is needed for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation, as well as some other important functions in the body. Iodine is needed for regulation of basal metabolism and its deficiency may bring about mental and physical retardation in the body (cretinism) [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Milk Concentration of Zinc, Iron, Selenium, and Iodine and Its Relationship to Dietary Intakes

Hannan¹,

Faraji²,

Tanguma³

et al. 2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The dietary intake of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and iodine (I) of 31 lactating Mexican-American women attending the Hidalgo County WIC program in Rio Grande Valley (RGV), Texas was estimated from 24-h dietary recall interviews. Milk samples were obtained from lactating mothers who had infants 3 months of age and younger. Milk samples were collected in two visits to assess change in breast milk composition after 1-3 months postpartum: group A--after 30-45 days and group B--75-90 days. Dietary intakes indicated that the study participants had significantly inadequate percent energy intakes than the DRI (Dietary Recommended Intakes) percent recommended kilocalorie values but protein intakes were substantially higher than the percent recommended values. The estimated percent Zn, Fe, Se, and I intakes were also significantly lower than the DRI percent recommended values. The lactating mothers consumed significantly less Zn, Se, and I when compared to the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) even though Fe intake was higher than the RDA value. Breast milk concentration of Zn, Fe, and Se were in agreement within the range of representative values for Constituents of Human Milk but I has significantly less concentration than the representative value. There was no statistically significant correlation observed between dietary intake and milk concentration of Zn, Fe, Se, and I. This study compares the estimated dietary intake of zinc, iron, selenium, and iodine to the concentration of these trace elements in the maternal milk of lactating women of Mexican-American heritage who attend the Rio Grande Valley WIC clinic.

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Syndrome of Iron Deficiency Anemia, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hypogonadism, Dwarfism and Geophagia

Cited by 71 publications

References 27 publications

Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence

Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence

Age-Based Differences in Hair Zinc of Vancouver Preschoolers

Maternal Milk Concentration of Zinc, Iron, Selenium, and Iodine and Its Relationship to Dietary Intakes

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