Syndromic management of sexually-transmitted infections and behaviour change interventions on transmission of HIV-1 in rural Uganda: a community randomised trial

Kamali, Anatoli; Quigley, Maria A.; Nakiyingi, Jessica; Kinsman, John; Kengeya-Kayondo, Jane F.; Gopal, Robin; Ojwiya, Amato; Hughes, Peter J.; Carpenter, Lucy; Whitworth, Jimmy

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12598-6

Cited by 268 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Impact estimates: In review of intervention treatment programs, Marion et al [101] stated that the estimated probability of a woman who was part of an STI management intervention program having an STI at month 15 after program initiation was 20% less than that for a woman who was not part of such a program. Mass treatment with antibiotics significantly dropped the rates of syphilis (OR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.96) [102], gonorrhea (OR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.74) [103], trichomoniasis (OR 0.64; 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.76) [102] and bacterial vaginosis (OR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.91) [102].…”

Section: Citation To the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interconnections between maternal and newborn health – evidence and implications for policy

Lassi

Majeed

Rashid

et al. 2013

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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The past decade has witnessed increasing global attention and political support for maternal, newborn and child health. Despite this increased attention, actual progress has been slow and sporadic: coverage of key maternal and newborn health interventions remains low and there are wide disparities in access to care, within and across countries. Strategies for improving maternal and newborn health are closely linked, and can be delivered most effectively through a continuum of care approach. While these interventions are largely known, there is little information on which interventions have a positive health impact for both women and newborns. This supplement identifies the interventions during the preconception, pregnancy, intrapartum and postnatal periods found to have a positive, synergistic effect on maternal and neonatal outcomes. These interventions are then grouped into packages of care for delivery at the community, health center or hospital levels.

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Section: Citation To the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magpie Trial 2002 [102], South Africa 1994 [103], South Africa 1998 [104]. Composite analysis: A composite analysis could not be conducted because of lack of studies reporting maternal and neonatal outcomes simultaneously.…”

Section: Citaɵons To the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interconnections between maternal and newborn health – evidence and implications for policy

Lassi

Majeed

Rashid

et al. 2013

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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“…In many cluster-randomized trials, ensuring that clusters are sufficiently distant from each other by some metric (usually geographic), can help support the assumption of no interference (see, e. g. Kamali et al 2003;Jewkes et al 2008;Small et al 2008). This design strategy, however, may not be sufficient in all cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Overall Treatment Effect in the Presence of Interference in Cluster-Randomized Trials of Infectious Disease Prevention

Carnegie

Wang²,

Gruttola

2016

Epidemiologic Methods

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An issue that remains challenging in the field of causal inference is how to relax the assumption of no interference between units. Interference occurs when the treatment of one unit can affect the outcome of another, a situation which is likely to arise with outcomes that may depend on social interactions, such as occurrence of infectious disease. Existing methods to accommodate interference largely depend upon an assumption of "partial interference" -interference only within identifiable groups but not among them. There remains a considerable need for development of methods that allow further relaxation of the nointerference assumption. This paper focuses on an estimand that is the difference in the outcome that one would observe if the treatment were provided to all clusters compared to that outcome if treatment were provided to none -referred as the overall treatment effect. In trials of infectious disease prevention, the randomized treatment effect estimate will be attenuated relative to this overall treatment effect if a fraction of the exposures in the treatment clusters come from individuals who are outside these clusters. This source of interference -contacts sufficient for transmission that are with treated clusters -is potentially measurable. In this manuscript, we leverage epidemic models to infer the way in which a given level of interference affects the incidence of infection in clusters. This leads naturally to an estimator of the overall treatment effect that is easily implemented using existing software.

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“…12 It included 12,819 from a total population of 96,000 aged 13 and older. The aim of the study was to examine the role of behavioural interventions alone, or in combination with improved management of STIs, in reducing the incidence of HIV-1 and other STIs:…”

Section: Masaka Rural Ugandamentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV transmission and sexually transmitted infections

Hay

2008

Clinical Medicine

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Syndromic management of sexually-transmitted infections and behaviour change interventions on transmission of HIV-1 in rural Uganda: a community randomised trial

Cited by 268 publications

References 19 publications

The interconnections between maternal and newborn health – evidence and implications for policy

The interconnections between maternal and newborn health – evidence and implications for policy

Estimation of the Overall Treatment Effect in the Presence of Interference in Cluster-Randomized Trials of Infectious Disease Prevention

HIV transmission and sexually transmitted infections

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