Syneresis measurement of the HPAM-Cr (III) gel polymer at different conditions: An experimental investigation

Karimi, Shahram; Kazemi, Seyed Morteza; Kazemi, Neda

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.011

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Syneresis percent was measured using the weighting method . As soon as syneresis began, two phases could be observed in the sealed vials as expelled water settled on top of the remaining gel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Syneresis estimation was made comparing the initial mass of the gelant with the remaining mass of the gel every time water was removed. The syneresis percent (%Syn) calculation was made according to the following equation:

% Syn = \frac{m_{1} - m_{2}}{m_{i}} \times 100 %

where m 1 is the initial gel weight in the vial, m 2 is the weight of the vial once water has been pulled out of it, and m i is the weight of gel dismissing the vial's weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gels systems are mainly prepared with a high‐molecular‐weight polymer that bonds with a crosslinker and some additives . The stability of the gel system depends on the reservoir conditions such as temperature, formation water salinity and pH, carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide presence, as well as the adsorption of the chemicals over the rock .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stability of the gel system depends on the reservoir conditions such as temperature, formation water salinity and pH, carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide presence, as well as the adsorption of the chemicals over the rock . Gel degradation due to temperature conditions can be monitored through syneresis behavior, and the main gel properties gelation time and gel strength can be studied through rheological tests …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, several authors have studied syneresis process in bottle tests and/or core samples for different systems. Karimi et al . studied syneresis behavior in an HPAM/Cr (III) polymer gel system under different parameters and realized that syneresis increased with temperature and decreased with higher polymer concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Effect of the nanoparticles in the stability of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/resorcinol/formaldehyde gel systems for water shut‐off/conformance control applications

Pérez-Robles

Cortés

Franco

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main objective of this work is to evaluate the inclusion of nanoparticles to partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/resorcinol/formaldehyde gel systems to improve the stability under static and dynamic conditions. Oxide nanoparticles (<100 mgÁL −1 ) of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO, and Cr 2 O 3 were employed and characterized by their physicochemical properties. Gels were prepared and subsequently placed at 70 C for evaluating the nanoparticles influence in gel strength through rheological properties and syneresis measurements. Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles showed the highest potential for the reduction of the syneresis phenomena, followed by MgO and Cr 2 O 3 . The SiO 2 nanoparticles lead to a higher degradation of the gel. As the zeta potential increases, the syneresis of the gel system decreases. The nanoparticles did not significantly affect the storage modulus, describing similar gel strength than the original gel. Also, displacement tests showed an incremental of 64% of oil recovery regarding the system in the absence of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles.Jia et al. 15 developed an experimental investigation about resorcinol/phenol-formaldehyde crosslinking HPAM (0.3 wt %) gel system and found that by varying resorcinol concentration between 10 and 30 mgÁL −1 and phenol-formaldehyde between 0.4 and 1.2 wt %, a barely flowing gel (codes D and E according to Sydansk's scale from A to I, 16 respectively) was obtained at a Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

% Syn = \frac{m_{1} - m_{2}}{m_{i}} \times 100 %

where m 1 is the initial gel weight in the vial, m 2 is the weight of the vial once water has been pulled out of it, and m i is the weight of gel dismissing the vial's weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of the nanoparticles in the stability of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/resorcinol/formaldehyde gel systems for water shut‐off/conformance control applications

Pérez-Robles

Cortés

Franco

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Rheological properties and swelling behavior of nanocomposite preformed particle gels based on starch-graft-polyacrylamide loaded with nanosilica

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyacrylamide hydrogel application in sand control with compressive strength testing

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sand production is one of the major problems in sandstone reservoirs. Different mechanical and chemical methods have been proposed to control sand production. In this paper, we propose a chemical method based on using polyacrylamide/ chromium triacetate hydrogel to investigate sand production in a synthetic sandpack system. To this end, a series of bulk experiments including the bottle test and rheological analysis along with compression tests were conducted. Experimental results indicated that the compressive strength of the sandpack was increased as much as 30 times by injecting 0.5 pore volume of hydrogel. Also, it was found that the increases in cross-linker and polymer concentrations exhibited a positive impact on the compressive strength of the sandpack, mostly by cross-linker concentration (48 psi). Hydrogel with a higher value of cross-linker could retain its viscoelastic properties against the strain which was a maximum of 122% for 0.5 weight ratio of cross-linker/polymer. The presence of salts, in particular divalent cations, has a detrimental effect on the hydrogel stability. The maximum strain value applied on hydrogel in the presence of CaCl 2 was only about 201% as compared to 1010% in the presence of distilled water. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis and its derivative showed that the hydrogel could retain its structure up to 300°C. The results of this study revealed the potential application of the hydrogel to control sand production.

show abstract

Syneresis measurement of the HPAM-Cr (III) gel polymer at different conditions: An experimental investigation

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of the nanoparticles in the stability of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/resorcinol/formaldehyde gel systems for water shut‐off/conformance control applications

Effect of the nanoparticles in the stability of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/resorcinol/formaldehyde gel systems for water shut‐off/conformance control applications

Rheological properties and swelling behavior of nanocomposite preformed particle gels based on starch-graft-polyacrylamide loaded with nanosilica

Polyacrylamide hydrogel application in sand control with compressive strength testing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About