Synergetic effect of laser patterning and micro coining for controlled lubricant propagation

Rosenkranz, Andreas; Gruetzmacher, Philipp G; Szurdak, Adam; Gachot, Carsten; Muecklich, Frank

doi:10.1088/2051-672x/4/3/034008

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Moreover, it is expensive to create high-resolution textures, and less versatile regarding possible materials than laser surface texturing [22,42]. Furthermore, different texturing methods can be combined to create multi-scale textures [47][48][49]54,[69][70][71][72][73][74]. Resendiz et al used end milling with a single crystal diamond cutter and micro shotblasting to produce multi-scale surface textures on aluminum [47].…”

Section: Multi-step Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Surface Texturing in Tribology—Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

2019

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Surface texturing has been frequently used for tribological purposes in the last three decades due to its great potential to reduce friction and wear. Although biological systems advocate the use of hierarchical, multi-scale surface textures, most of the published experimental and numerical works have mainly addressed effects induced by single-scale surface textures. Therefore, it can be assumed that the potential of multi-scale surface texturing to further optimize friction and wear is underexplored. The aim of this review article is to shed some light on the current knowledge in the field of multi-scale surface textures applied to tribological systems from an experimental and numerical point of view. Initially, fabrication techniques with their respective advantages and disadvantages regarding the ability to create multi-scale surface textures are summarized. Afterwards, the existing state-of-the-art regarding experimental work performed to explore the potential, as well as the underlying effects of multi-scale textures under dry and lubricated conditions, is presented. Subsequently, numerical approaches to predict the behavior of multi-scale surface texturing under lubricated conditions are elucidated. Finally, the existing knowledge and hypotheses about the underlying driven mechanisms responsible for the improved tribological performance of multi-scale textures are summarized, and future trends in this research direction are emphasized.

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Section: Multi-step Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Surface Texturing in Tribology—Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

2019

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“…Furthermore, different texturing methods can be combined to create multi-scale textures [47][48][49]54,[69][70][71][72][73][74]. Resendiz et al used end milling with a single crystal diamond cutter and micro shot-blasting to produce multi-scale surface textures on aluminum [47].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Nano- and Microstructures for Tribological Applications

Bonse¹,

Spaltmann²

2020

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Testing (BAM) in Berlin, Germany. His research interests include the fundamentals and applications of laser-matter interaction, especially with respect to ultrashort laser pulses, laser-induced periodic nanostructures, time-resolved optical techniques, laser processes in photovoltaics, surface functionalization, and laser safety. He received a doctoral degree in Physics from the Technical University of Berlin (Germany) in 2001 and a diploma degree in Physics from the University of Hannover (Germany) in 1996. Dr. Bonse has occupied various research positions at institutions such as the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin, the Spanish Research Council (CSIC) in Madrid (Spain), and the Laser Zentrum Hannover (LZH) in Hannover. He was appointed as a senior laser application specialist at Newport's Spectra-Physics Lasers Division in Stahnsdorf, Germany. Dr. Bonse is a member of the German Physical Society (DPG) and of the European Materials Research Society (E-MRS). In 1999, he was a recipient of an award for applied research, presented by the federal German state Thuringia, for the development of high-power fiber lasers. He received an OSA Outstanding Reviewer Award from the Optical Society of America in 2013. Between 2014 and 2017 he served as an Associate Editor for the journal Optics Express of the Optical Society of America. He has authored more than 150 refereed journal publications and 2 patents related to his research activities. Dirk Spaltmann (Dr.) is a senior scientist at the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) in Berlin, Germany. His research interests include the tribological performance and wear resistance of (DLC-) coatings as well as new materials under slip-rolling, reciprocating-sliding, and extreme-pressure conditions, giving special consideration to tribometric, standardization, and data management aspects. He received a doctoral degree (Ph.D.) in Physics from the University of Wales, College of Cardiff (UWCC, Great Britain) in 1993 and a diploma degree in Physics from the RWTH Aachen University (Germany) in 1989. After a two-year post-doctoral position at UWCC, Dr. Spaltmann took up work at a start-up company near Berlin (Germany) as head of research and development as well as production. In 1999, he joined the Macro-Tribologyand Wear Protection group of BAM (Germany). Dr. Spaltmann is a member of the German Physical Society (DPG), the German Tribology Association (GFT), and the German Hydrogen and Fuel-Cell Association (DWV). He is a recognized reviewer for several well-known journals, has authored more than 70 refereed journal publications, and holds 9 patents related to his career activities. vii

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“…The degree of anisotropy depends on the patterns' geometry. Thereby, the multi-scale surface (Figure 8(c)) shows the highest degree of anisotropy, followed by the purely-coined [periodicity of 400 mm and structural depth of 40 m m, Figure 8 Figure 7 Lubricant's spreading for a droplet of 3 ml (red dotted line corresponds to the initial droplet size) after 0.5 s for a channel depth of 50 mm (a) and 66.67 mm (b) channel-like surface patterns cause capillary forces in the direction along the channels, which favor the droplet motion in this direction (Rosenkranz et al, 2015a;Rosenkranz et al, 2016c). Because bigger surface channels create higher capillary forces because of their greater radii as well as an enlarged pinning owing to bigger steps, the micro-coined pattern shows a higher degree of anisotropy.…”

Section: Guiding Of Lubricant In Patterned Surfacesexperimental and Numerical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of anisotropy can be traced back to a pinning of the contact line by the surface patterns, which causes a hindered droplet movement perpendicular to the surface channels. Additionally, the channel-like surface patterns cause capillary forces in the direction along the channels, which favor the droplet motion in this direction (Rosenkranz et al , 2015a; Rosenkranz et al , 2016c). Because bigger surface channels create higher capillary forces because of their greater radii as well as an enlarged pinning owing to bigger steps, the micro-coined pattern shows a higher degree of anisotropy.…”

Section: Guiding Of Lubricant In Patterned Surfaces – Experimental and Numerical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because bigger surface channels create higher capillary forces because of their greater radii as well as an enlarged pinning owing to bigger steps, the micro-coined pattern shows a higher degree of anisotropy. As can be seen in Figure 8, the combination of both patterning techniques shows the largest anisotropic spreading behavior because of synergetic effects of the steep geometry of the micro-coined pattern and the small periodicity of the laser pattern (Rosenkranz et al , 2016c).…”

Section: Guiding Of Lubricant In Patterned Surfaces – Experimental and Numerical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-scale surface patterning – an approach to control friction and lubricant migration in lubricated systems

Grützmacher

Rosenkranz

Szurdak

et al. 2019

ILT

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Purpose The paper aims to investigate the possibilities to control friction in lubricated systems by surface patterning, making use of a multi-scale approach. Surface patterns inside the tribological contact zone tend to directly reduce friction, whereas surface patterns located in the close proximity of the contact area can improve the tribological performance by avoiding lubricant starvation and migration. Finally, optimized surface patterns were identified by preliminary laboratory tests and transferred to a journal bearing, thus testing them under more realistic conditions. Design/methodology/approach Surface patterns on a large scale (depth > 10 µm) were fabricated by micro- and roller-coining, whereas surface patterns on a small scale (depth < 2 µm) were produced by direct laser interference patterning. The combination of both techniques resulted in multi-scale surface patterns. Tribologically beneficial surface patterns (verified in ball-on-disk laboratory tests) were transferred onto a journal bearing’s shaft and tested on a special test-rig. To characterize the lubricant spreading behavior, a new test-rig was designed, which allowed for the study of the lubricant’s motion on patterned surfaces under the influence of a precisely controlled temperature gradient. Findings All tested patterns accounted for a pronounced friction reduction and/or an increase in oil film lifetime. The results from the preliminary laboratory tests matched well, with results from the journal bearing test-rig, both tests showing a maximum friction reduction by a factor of 3-4. Numerical investigations, as well as experiments, have shown the possibility to actively guide lubricant over patterned surfaces. Smaller periodicities, as well as greater structural depths and widths, led to a more pronounced anisotropic spreading and/or greater spreading velocities. Multi-scale surfaces demonstrated the strongest effects regarding the lubricant’s spreading behavior. Originality/value Friction, as well as lubricant migration, can be successfully controlled by using micro-coined, laser-patterned and/or multi-scale surfaces. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study demonstrates for the first time the unique possibility to transfer results obtained in laboratory tests to a real machine component.

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Synergetic effect of laser patterning and micro coining for controlled lubricant propagation

Cited by 20 publications

References 52 publications

Multi-Scale Surface Texturing in Tribology—Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Multi-Scale Surface Texturing in Tribology—Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Nano- and Microstructures for Tribological Applications

Multi-scale surface patterning – an approach to control friction and lubricant migration in lubricated systems

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