Synergetic stability enhancement with magnesium and calcium ion substitution for Ni/Mn-based P2-type sodium-ion battery cathodes

Abstract

One of the convention P2-type cathode materials, Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2, suffers from irreversible P2-O2 phase transition and serious capacity fading during cycling. Here, we successfully introduce magnesium and calcium ions doping into...

Structural degradation mechanisms and modulation technologies of layered oxide cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries

“…Irreversible structure changes were observed accompanying Fe-ion migration in Na 1−x FeO 2 with x > 0.5. Their XRD results show that once the charge cutoff voltage is up to 4.5 V, the intensity of the (003) hex diffraction line decreases obviously compared to those of the (101) hex and the (104) hex diffraction lines. These are attributed to iron migration from 3a to 6c (face-shared tetrahedral sites to 3a sites) and/or 3b (octahedral sites in Na layer) under the assumption of no oxygen release from the sample.…”

The phosphate cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

“…Therefore, electrochemical energy storage devices, such as metal (Li, Na, Zn, K, Al, Mg, Mn)-ion batteries, play a crucial role in overcoming the worldwide energy challenge and realizing sustainable development. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Metallic zinc has a low resistance (5.91 μΩ cm −1 ), an ideal theoretical capacity (820 mA h g −1 ), and a suitable working potential (−0.763 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode, SHE), and thus exhibits competitive advantages in matching with aqueous electrolytes. 10,11 Thus, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have sparked tremendous interest as emerging energy storage devices.…”

Dynamic Biomolecular “Mask” Stabilizes Zn Anode

“…Rechargeable aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs) have become one of the most promising large‐scale energy storage devices due to the features of high theoretical specific capacity (820 mAh g −1 and 5855 mAh cm −3 ), low redox potential (‒0.76 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) and high abundance of Zn metal anode. [ 1–5 ] However, the practical application of AZMBs is limited by two major challenges of the undesired parasitic reactions (chemical oxidation and electrochemical hydrogen evolution) and uncontrollable Zn dendrite growth confronted by the Zn anode. [ 6–10 ] Essentially, originating from the thermodynamically unstable nature of Zn metal in aqueous electrolyte, the chemical oxide corrosion easily occurs at Zn‐electrolyte interface in aqueous electrolytes, regardless of whether the battery is in operating or resting state.…”

“…Rechargeable aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs) have become one of the most promising large-scale energy storage devices due to the features of high theoretical specific capacity (820 mAh g −1 and 5855 mAh cm −3 ), low redox potential (-0.76 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) and high abundance of Zn metal anode. [1][2][3][4][5] However, the practical application of AZMBs is limited by two major challenges of the undesired Herein, a natural biomolecule, sodium hyaluronate (SH), is first proposed for achieving highly reversible Zn plating/stripping. SH, widely distributed in the extracellular matrix of synovial fluid and connective tissue possesses broad application in cosmetology and medicine fields.…”