Synergic effect of Sn-doped TiO2 nanostructures for enhanced visible light photocatalysis

Improvement of photocatalytic activity in the degradation of 4-chlorophenol and phenol in aqueous medium using tin-modified TiO2 photocatalysts

“…Noticeably, the lowest PL intensity, implying a slower recombination rate, is observed in the emission spectrum of the Sn1T photocatalyst agreeing with its best performance among all the photocatalyst compound series. In addition, it is worth mentioning that all the spectra show bands ascribed to nanoparticle size effects 49 (448 nm), self-trapped excitons associated with superficial oxygen deficiency 65 (467 nm), charge transfer associated with vacancies due to Ti 3+ presence (487 nm) (see XPS results), and oxygen vacancies on the TiO 2 surface (520 nm). Then, the photoluminescent results explain the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity in the photocatalyst Sn1T as due to the inhibition of the charge carrier recombination and support the presence of Ti 3+ and oxygen vacancies.…”

“…4 shows the main peaks associated with the fundamental modes of vibration of TiO 2 (Sn0T) in anatase phase (A) located at 145 cm −1 (E g ), 197 cm −1 (E g ), 398 cm −1 (B 1g ), 519 cm −1 (A 1g ) and 641 cm −1 (E g ). 45,48 The fundamental modes of vibration of TiO 2 in rutile phase are located at 145 cm −1 (B 1g ), 445 cm −1 (E g ), 610 cm −1 ; so they are not observed in Sn0T, 49 this can be attributed to the small relative proportion found, based on the Rietveld renement and that this is totally dispersed in Sn0T. For SnXT modied photocatalysts; where X = 1, 3 and 5% mol of tin (see Fig.…”

“…This modication of the band gap is attributed: (1) to the transition of charge transfer of the electrons of Sn 4+ to the conduction band of TiO 2 , 57 (2) to the incorporation of tin into the TiO 2 structural lattice, and (3) to the interaction in the mixture of phases (anatase, brookite and rutile) that must form states that function as shallow traps created by oxygen vacancies causing the band gap to decrease. 49,52 (i) BET specic surface area…”

Transparent Sn-Decorated W-Doped TiO2 Multiphase Nanotube Arrays as Efficient Photocatalysts for Solar-Driven Water Splitting

“…The Raman spectra recorded for the treated TW3, TW4, and TW5 samples demonstrate the Raman modes distinctive of anatase TiO 2 (tetragonal space group D 4h 19 ) and consistent with the results of Ohsaka et al 39 The three bands located at 144 cm −1 (E g1 ), 196 cm −1 (E g2 ), and 622 cm −1 (E g3 ) emanate from the E g -symmetric stretching vibrational modes of the O−Ti−O bond in TiO 2 , whereas the vibrational bands at 384 cm −1 (B 1g1 ) and 504 cm −1 (B 1g2 and A 1g ) are ascribed to the symmetric and antisymmetric bending of O−Ti−O in TiO 2 , respectively. 40 Additionally, the TW6 sample demonstrated well-defined and high-intensity vibrational modes ascribed to mixed anatase, rutile, and brookite phases. The spectrum maintains the main intense anatase E g1 symmetric vibrational mode with a blue shift to 140 cm −1 , as illustrated in a magnified inset of Figure S4.…”