“…These may be included in emergency mobility plans as a pandemic response or as a long-term proactive measure. The key determinants of mode shift toward active transportation can be divided into infrastructure factors (e.g., active network connectivity, provision of trip-end facilities, a reduction in car parking spaces, road space reallocation), promotional programs (e.g., education, promotional campaigns), governance (e.g., policy implementation, stakeholder involvement, leadership) and exogenous factors (e.g., sociodemographic factors, trip distances, topography, physical environment, climate) ( 43 ). Many cities across the world have already undertaken initiatives in the midst of the pandemic: bike network development, pop-up bike lanes, pedestrian priority areas, traffic calming measures, 20 km/h neighborhoods, folding/e-bike subsidies, bike/walk to work paybacks, bike parking and trip-end facilities, bus priority lanes, and (re)introducing congestion and parking charges ( 44 – 47 ).…”