The use of polymeric nanoparticles for the control release of photosensitizer compounds such as methylene blue represents a promising option for cancer treatment. Methylene blue (MB) has been of great interest in many areas of clinical medicine, from neurological disorders to cancer chemotherapy [1][2]. It can be used in photodynamic therapy, which consists on the application of MB in the area of interest, and then activated by light at 665 nm producing reactive oxygen species that leads to the death of the target cell via oxidative damage. Polymeric nanoparticles loaded with methylene blue (MB-PNP) were prepared by using a combined emulsification technique [4][5]. Briefly, MB is dissolved in deionized water and into a DCM solution containing MB and PLGA. The mixture is emulsified at 22% of amplitude (26.5 µm) by sonication. Next, an aqueous solution of 5% w/v PVA is added into the mixture and a second emulsification is carried during at 75% amplitude (90 µm). The solvent is evaporated under magnetic stirring, at room temperature. MB-PNPs are washed by three centrifugation cycles and freeze-dried for further characterization. All experiments were performed by triplicate.Nanoparticle size distribution and zeta potentials were measured using a zetasizer Nano ZS equipment (Malvern) by dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler electrophoresis, respectively. Average values of particle size obtained were 180 nm with 0.030 polydispersity index (PDI) and 190 nm with 0.109 PDI for blank PNP and 12% TDL MB-PNP respectively. Zeta potential values obtained were -31.2 mV for blank-PNP and -18.2mV for MB-PNP. This difference in superficial charge can be attributed to the presence of MB on the surface of the nanoparticle. Similar work has been reported in literature where MB is encapsulated in PLGA using different encapsulation methods, and sizes range from 190 to 220 nm, with zeta potentials ranging between -38 mV and -17.5 mV [3]. When encapsulating 2.5% TDL, authors have obtained 220 to 266 nm diameters with PDI values of 0.19 and 0.4 [1]. Other materials have also been used to encapsulate MB such as silica nanoparticles, resulting in diameters of particle of 105 nm, with zeta potentials between -44 and -29 mV [5]. Surface morphology of MB-PNP was analysed by scanning electron microscopy (JEOL) (Figure 1). The drug loading (DL) for MB-PNP was 0.97 %, resulting in a 8.06 % encapsulation efficiency (EE). Cannavà et al. obtained drug loadings values of 0.52 % to 1.13 % and encapsulation efficiencies of 3.13 % to 6.75 % [1]. These values are comparable to the ones obtained in this work. Encapsulation efficiency depends on the amount of drug used at the beginning of the formulation, meaning that less MB was used in the formulation in order to obtain the drug load desired.To evaluate in vitro MB release from MB-PNPs, the dialysis method is used [1]. MB concentrations were quantified by spectrometry at 665 nm using a calibration curve. During the study, the amount of MB released in the initial burst stage was 21 µg, which corresp...