Synergistic Anti-inflammatory Coating “Zipped Up” on Polypropylene Hernia Mesh

Abstract

Violent inflammation has impeded worry-free application of polypropylene (PP) hernia meshes. Efficient antiinflammatory coatings are urgently needed to alter the situation. Here, we present a zipper-like, two-layer coating with an intermediate antioxidant layer (I) and an outer antifouling layer (II) to endow PP meshes with synergistic anti-inflammatory effects. The controllable antioxidant ability of layer I was obtained by modulating the assembly cycle of the metal-phenolic network (MPN) composed of tannic acid (TA) and Fe 3+ . Polyzwitterionic (PMAD) brush-based layer II was generated upon multiple interactions between the catechol side groups of PMAD and layer I. To consolidate the entire assembly architecture, aryloxy radical coupling was initiated through alkali-catalyzed oxidation. The reaction is similar to a "zipping up" process to construct covalent bonds in the I−II interface and layer I by coupling adjacent catechol groups, which facilely achieved grafting and crosslinking. The obtained coating (PMAD-TA/Fe) did not affect the original properties of the PP mesh and remained stable during cyclic tensile testing or degradation. Most importantly, the excellent antioxidant and antifouling capacities enabled PMAD-TA/Fe-PP to exhibit desirable anti-inflammatory effects and reduce collagen deposition when compared with the bare material. The synergistic anti-inflammatory coating eliminates a major hindrance in the design of biocompatible meshes, and its potential application in developing medical implants with low immunogenicity is promising.

A Review of Advanced Abdominal Wall Hernia Patch Materials

“…One of the strategies is the selective modification of PP meshes, which has produced satisfactory results. [1] An alternative approach is overlapping CRLs onto PP to overcome their poor adhesion and FBR initiation tendency. [20,40] Polytetrafluoroethylene/Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene: In 1938, Plunky discovered PTFE accidentally while working for DuPont Neymour Company.…”

“…AWH occurs when intraperitoneal tissue, such as the caecum, bulges through a defective site attributed to an imbalance between intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and extra-abdominal pressure (EAP). [1][2][3] AWD can evoke several clinical symptoms, such as chronic pain, indigestion, and even death in severe cases. [3,4] Many studies have shown that these symptoms can be greatly reduced through tension-free hernia repair surgery, which boasts a recurrence rate of <1%.…”

Recent progress in tannic acid-driven antibacterial/antifouling surface coating strategies

“…The cyclic assembly of TA–Fe 3+ (layer 1) consisting of noncovalent bonds retains the tendency to adsorb catechol side groups of dopamine-conjugated poly((MPC)- co -(acrylic acid)) (PMAD, layer 2), resulting in polyzwitterionic brushes formation on the PP surface via coordination and noncovalent bonds. 128 Other metal ions like Mg 2+ were also selected to form the TA–Mg 2+ complexes-based coating onto orthopedic implants. Increased loading mounts of Mg 2+ were noticed in the multi-step process compared with one-pot assembly.…”

Latest Trends on the Attenuation of Systemic Foreign Body Response and Infectious Complications of Synthetic Hernia Meshes

“…In addition, as PSBMA is the outer layer, it has neutral surface potential and can protect PDA from oxidation, and sequential deposition of PSBMA-PA-PP mesh has better antiprotein and antioxidation properties. Qiao et al 108 proposed a zipper-like bilayer coating with an intermediate antioxidant layer (I) composed of tannic acid (TA) and Fe 3+ , and an outer antifouling layer (II) formed by multiple interactions of catechol side groups of polyzwitterionic poly(((2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)-(acrylic acid))-g-dopamine) (PMAD)PMAD) with layer (I), and the obtained PMAD-TA/Fe coating exhibited excellent antioxidant and antifouling abilities, and in vitro/in vivo evaluation demonstrated the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of the coating.…”