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Curcumin is a natural product found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (L) and other Curcuma spp. As a lipophilic molecule, it has greater affinity for polar, non‐polar, alkaline or extremely acidic organic solvents. Several studies indicate that curcumin has several benefits for human health, for example, against degenerative diseases, cancer and infectious diseases. To obtain a quality product with nutraceutical properties, it is necessary to know its physicochemical characteristics and preserve it from cultivation until ingestion by the human. However, its low solubility leads to low absorption, in this context, nanotechnological systems can contribute to increase curcumin bioavailability. This review aims to highlight important issues in all stages that curcumin goes through: from aspects related to its extraction, to its association with nanotechnology. Although curcumin extraction process is already well established, it is possible to observe that more and more research focused on increasing yield and being more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, curcumin's low absorption is notable due to its physicochemical characteristics, mainly due to its low aqueous solubility. However, its association with nanotechnology has shown to be promising and an increasingly growing trend, since the use of this “Indian solid gold” is the hope of many patients.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Curcumin is a natural product found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (L) and other Curcuma spp. As a lipophilic molecule, it has greater affinity for polar, non‐polar, alkaline or extremely acidic organic solvents. Several studies indicate that curcumin has several benefits for human health, for example, against degenerative diseases, cancer and infectious diseases. To obtain a quality product with nutraceutical properties, it is necessary to know its physicochemical characteristics and preserve it from cultivation until ingestion by the human. However, its low solubility leads to low absorption, in this context, nanotechnological systems can contribute to increase curcumin bioavailability. This review aims to highlight important issues in all stages that curcumin goes through: from aspects related to its extraction, to its association with nanotechnology. Although curcumin extraction process is already well established, it is possible to observe that more and more research focused on increasing yield and being more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, curcumin's low absorption is notable due to its physicochemical characteristics, mainly due to its low aqueous solubility. However, its association with nanotechnology has shown to be promising and an increasingly growing trend, since the use of this “Indian solid gold” is the hope of many patients.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) is a common nosocomial pathogen that can cause severe infections in critically ill patients. Due to its resistance to multiple drugs, it is challenging to treat, which can result in serious illness and death. Conventional treatments for infected wounds often involve the topical or systemic application of antibiotics, which can lead to systemic toxicity and the development of drug resistance. The combination of wound dressings that promote wound healing with nanoparticles (NPs) represents a revolutionary strategy for optimizing the safety and efficacy of antibiotics. This review assesses a systematic search to identify the latest approaches where the evaluation of wound dressings loaded with antibiotic NPs is conducted. The properties of NPs, the features of wound dressings, the antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of the different strategies are analyzed. The results indicate that most research in this field is focused on dressings loaded with silver NPs (57.1%) or other inorganic materials (22.4%). Wound dressings loaded with polymeric NPs and carbon-based NPs represent 14.3% and 6.1% of the evaluated studies, respectively. Nevertheless, there are no clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy of NPs-loaded wound dressings in patients. Further research is required to ensure the safety of these treatments and to translate the findings from the bench to the bedside.
The extensive use of antibiotics during recent years has led to antimicrobial resistance development, a significant threat to global public health. It is estimated that around 1.27 million people died worldwide in 2019 due to infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, according to the WHO. It is estimated that 700,000 people die each year worldwide, which is expected to rise to 10 million by 2050. Therefore, new and efficient antimicrobials against resistant pathogenic bacteria are urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) present a broad spectrum of antibacterial effects and are considered potential tools for developing novel therapies to combat resistant infections. However, their clinical application is currently limited due to instability, low selectivity, toxicity, and limited bioavailability, resulting in a narrow therapeutic window. Here we describe an overview of the clinical application of AMPs against resistant bacterial infections through nanoformulation. It evaluates metal, polymeric, and lipid AMP delivery systems as promising for the treatment of resistant bacterial infections, offering a potential solution to the aforementioned limitations.
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