Synergistic catalysis effect in pentanol conversion into di-n-pentyl ether on ZSM-5 supported titania catalysts synthesized by sol–gel

Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhtar; Al-Esaimi, M. M.

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.11.057

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The etherification of 1‐pentanol was reported to be catalysed by NaA, H‐Beta and ZSM‐5 zeolites, eta‐alumina, Amberlyst 70 (and other types), Dowex 50Wx4‐50, Nafion NR50 . When Amberlyst 70 is used as catalyst, the reaction kinetics is described by the following expression, derived from an Eley‐Rideal mechanism:

r = \frac{k a_{P}^{2} ((), 1 - \frac{1}{K_{e q}} \frac{a_{W} a_{D}}{a_{P}^{2}})}{a_{P} ((), 1 + K_{W} a_{W}^{1 true/ 2})}

…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design and plantwide control of novel processes for di‐n‐pentyl ether production

Bîldea

Győrgy

Sánchez‐Ramírez

et al. 2015

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Di-n-pentyl ether (DNPE) is a good candidate for diesel fuel formulations due to its blending cetane number, good cold flow properties and effectiveness in reducing diesel exhaust emissions, particulates and smokes. However, novel processes are required in order to drive the production costs down and to increase the efficiency at industrial scale. RESULTS:The dehydration of 1-pentanol to yield DNPE is catalyzed by thermally stable resins, such as Amberlyst 70 which has high activity and selectivity at temperatures up to 190 °C. Two process options are proposed for a plant capacity of 26.5 ktpy: a reaction-separationrecycle (R-S-R) system based on an adiabatic tubular reactor and a catalytic distillation process. Both processes were optimized in terms of total annual costs (481 and 523 k$/year), leading to specific energy requirements of 225 and 256 kWh/ton DNPE, respectively. The controllability was assessed by dynamic simulation performed in Aspen Dynamics. CONCLUSION:Compared with the membrane reactor reported earlier, the new DNPE process alternatives (i.e. conventional reaction-separation-recycle system and catalytic distillation) are better process candidates, requiring simpler units leading to much smaller investment costs, while also having good controllability.

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r = \frac{k a_{P}^{2} ((), 1 - \frac{1}{K_{e q}} \frac{a_{W} a_{D}}{a_{P}^{2}})}{a_{P} ((), 1 + K_{W} a_{W}^{1 true/ 2})}

…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design and plantwide control of novel processes for di‐n‐pentyl ether production

Bîldea

Győrgy

Sánchez‐Ramírez

et al. 2015

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Several studies have been carried out to synthesize such linear ethers. − A simple way of obtaining linear symmetrical ethers is through bimolecular dehydration of primary alcohols. 1-(Pentyloxy)pentane (DNPE), 1-(hexyloxy)hexane (DNHE), and 1-(octyloxy)octane syntheses have been performed satisfactorily over acidic ion-exchange resins and zeolites in previous works. − , Gel-type and low-cross-linked macroreticular resins, monosulfonated and oversulfonated, are good catalysts in terms of linear ether yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Equilibrium of the Liquid-Phase Dehydration of 1-Octanol to 1-(Octyloxy)octane

et al. 2013

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The equilibrium constants for the liquid-phase dehydration of 1-octanol to 1-(octyloxy)octane (DNOE) and water have been determined in the temperature range (413 to 453) K over Amberlyst 70. The equilibrium constants for the main side reactions, intramolecular dehydration of 1-octanol to 1-octene and 1-octene isomerization to 2-octene, have been determined as well. Etherification of 1-octanol was shown to be exothermic, with reaction enthalpy change of (−13.6 ± 1.7) kJ•mol −1 at 298.15 K. The standard formation enthalpy of 1-(octyloxy)octane was computed to be (−581 ± 2) kJ•mol −1 , in good agreement with the estimated value by a modified Benson method. A standard molar entropy of (658 ± 4) J•mol −1 •K −1 in the liquid phase has been found for 1-(octyloxy)octane from the entropy change of reaction at 298.15 K. Intramolecular dehydration of 1-octanol has been found to be endothermic and isomerization of 1-octene to 2-octene exothermic.

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“…Although the etherification of linear n-alcohols such as n-pentanol has been the subject of many experimental studies [6][7][8][9][10][11][12], design and control studies are missing from the literature. The flowsheet for the production of di n-pentyl ether proposed in this study is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Flowsheetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Control of Di n-Pentyl Ether Process

Javaid

Bîldea

2015

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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Synergistic catalysis effect in pentanol conversion into di-n-pentyl ether on ZSM-5 supported titania catalysts synthesized by sol–gel

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Optimal design and plantwide control of novel processes for di‐n‐pentyl ether production

Optimal design and plantwide control of novel processes for di‐n‐pentyl ether production

Chemical Equilibrium of the Liquid-Phase Dehydration of 1-Octanol to 1-(Octyloxy)octane

Design and Control of Di n-Pentyl Ether Process

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