Synergistic dispersion and tribo‐film formation of liquid metal @graphene oxide/epoxy coating: Toward improved mechanical and anti‐wear properties

Polyimide (PI) is a special engineering plastic, widely involved in mechanical components, instruments, and petrochemicals. However, single PI material is inevitably subject to wear and tear in practice, which leads to weakened material properties. In this work, Ti3C2Tx@SiO2 was prepared to enhance the wear resistance and lubrication properties of PI by intercalating SiO2 into the interlayer of Ti3C2Tx sheets. Ti3C2Tx@SiO2/PI composites were fabricated in two steps to test the tribological performances. SiO2 particles change the form of interfacial friction from sliding to rolling, thus relieving direct friction between material and steel ball. So, the composites have a minimum COF (COF = 0.33) when the content of Ti3C2Tx@SiO2 is 0.80 wt%. Moreover, the average value of wear rate was 0.24 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m) when Ti3C2Tx@SiO2 content was 1.60 wt%, which was 91.0% lower compared to the PI matrix. During the friction process, the abrasive chips of the material migrate to the surface of the steel ball to form a transfer film, which protects the material and thus reduces the wear rate. Therefore, the hybrids Ti3C2Tx@SiO2 are effective and important wear‐resistant agents and solid lubricants to improve the wear resistance and lubricity of PI or other polymer materials.Highlights SiO2 insert Ti3C2Tx is a key factor in changing sliding friction into rolling friction, effectively reducing the COF. The average wear rate was 91.0% lower than that of the polyimide matrix when Ti3C2Tx@SiO2 content was 1.60 wt%. The minimum COF of Ti3C2Tx@SiO2/PI composites reached 0.33 when the content of Ti3C2Tx@SiO2 was 0.80 wt%. The transfer film effectively reduces further wear of the material during friction.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the interface of composites also promotes stress transfer from the PI matrix to the Ti 3 C 2 T x @SiO 2 , which avoids stress concentration. [28][29][30] The abrasion of polyimide and composite samples were photographed using SEM. The abrasions of polyimide are wider and show deeper grooves (Figure 7A).…”

Section: Friction Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly lubricating and wear‐resistant Ti₃C₂T_x@SiO₂/PI composites based on the action of transfer film at the friction surface

Chen,

Ma,

Jiang

et al. 2024

“…The anticorrosion performance improved with the incorporation of TEOS‐eBN in EP due to the formation of a protective layer, which restricted the movement of the electrolytic ions to approach the metal substrate. The 5 wt.% TEOS‐eBN/EP coating showed a superior protective capability with the highest R p value 42–44 …”

Section: Thermomechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkali‐assisted functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride reinforced epoxy composite to improve the thermomechanical and anticorrosion performance for advanced thermal management

Kuila,

Maji,

Phadikar

et al. 2024

A comprehensive methodology for fabricating and characterizing the tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) modified exfoliated boron nitride (eBN) reinforced epoxy resin (EP) composites has been demonstrated. The functionalized eBN was synthesized by solution‐mixing followed by alkali‐assisted hydrothermal reaction. The composites with various filler loadings (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.%) were fabricated using solution casting method. The fundamental features of the composites were examined through tensile and bending properties, thermal properties, and anticorrosion properties. The synthesized TEOS‐eBN was utilized to improve the dispersibility and compatibility with the EP resin, which played a crucial role in improving the thermal conductivity as well as thermomechanical properties of the composites. The incorporation of filler in the EP matrix improved the thermomechanical as well as anticorrosion properties. The tensile and flexural tests were carried out according to ASTM D‐638 and ASTM‐D790, respectively. We discovered that the 5 wt.% of TEOS‐eBN in EP showed the optimum thermomechanical properties. The tensile strength and Tg were improved by ~74.71 and ~16.8% at 5 wt.% loading. The improved thermomechanical and anticorrosion properties of all the composites showed the potential to be efficient heat‐releasing material for thermal management and coating applications in automotive industries.Highlights Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)‐exfoliated boron nitride (eBN) was synthesized by alkali‐assisted hydrothermal and solution mixing method. The composite specimens exhibited excellent thermal conductivity. The thermomechanical and anticorrosion performance were remarkably improved. Optimal thermomechanical properties were obtained at 5% filler content.

“…The f(δ) maximum of Ra/0.45/5-composite and Ra/0.22/7-composite are 87.73% and 71.33%, respectively, which are similar to the ORI calculated by the VOM algorithm. In addition, according to Equation (15), the FOT of Ra/0.45/5-composite and Ra/0.22/7-composite are obtained as follow, respectively: The higher order FOT of fillers can be calculated to record more detailed orientation information with a small amount of data, which can be used to recover the distribution function in the future. 22…”

Section: Counting the Oriented Angles Of Every Filler In Composites B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The commonly adopted functional fillers include metal or metal oxides (e.g., Al, Al 2 O 3 ), 8 ceramics (e.g., BN, AlN), 9 carbon-based fillers (e.g., graphene, carbon fibers [CFs], carbon nanotubes), [10][11][12] and so forth. 7,[13][14][15] For the anisotropic fillers (e.g., BN, CFs) or non-spherical fillers (e.g., rod-like materials, flaky materials), their distribution and orientations within the polymer matrix greatly influence the properties of FCM. 7 Hence, to satisfy different requirements of application, numerous studies focus on the manipulation of fillers to regulate the thermal, 7,11,16 mechanical [17][18][19] and electric properties 20,21 of FCM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitively evaluation of fillers' alignment for targeted manufacturing of functional composite materials

Zhang,

Ye,

Yang

et al. 2023

Filler‐reinforced composite materials are widely used in numerous domains such as energy, optoelectronics, chemistry, and so forth, owing to their versatile microstructures, excellent properties, and low fabrication cost. By finely regulating the distribution and orientation of fillers in the base material, composite materials with fantastic thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties have been demonstrated, which are also known as “metamaterials”. For the anisotropic fillers, the orientation of fillers is crucial for designing and predicting the properties of composite materials. However, accurate and efficient evaluation of fillers' orientation remains a challenge, which severely hinders the microstructural design and topological optimization of composite materials. To solve this problem, a bidirectional pixel‐traversal method which combines with microscopic image processing was developed to evaluate the orientation of fillers in composite materials. Specifically, a vertical orientation maximization algorithm was designed to evaluate the oriented degree and oriented direction of the whole fillers, and a crossing traversal algorithm was designed to evaluate the oriented angle of individual filler. Further, this method was applied to the evaluation of microscopic images from different researches. The evaluated results show a high accuracy (average error is less than 2%) and wide applicability in the evaluation of different types of fillers. This method reveals the underlying relationship between microscopic filler orientation and macroscopic composites properties, which paves a new way for the direct optimization and processing of composite materials.