Synergistic effect of fatty liver and smoking on metabolicsyndrome

Chiang, Po-Hsin; Chang, Tsui-Yen; Chen, Jong-Dar

doi:10.3748/wjg.15.5334

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…18 Cigarette exposure has been associated with ultrasound-defined NAFLD, 30 and fatty liver associates with smoking and with metabolic derangements. 31 In our study, there were more current smokers in the high liver fat group when compared with those with the low liver fat group. Smoking might be a confounder.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Ectopic Fat Depots and Left Ventricular Function in Nondiabetic Men With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Granér

Nyman

Sirén

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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Background-Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has emerged as a novel cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of different ectopic fat depots on left ventricular (LV) function in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods and Results-Myocardial and hepatic triglyceride contents were measured with 1.5 T magnetic resonance spectroscopy and LV function, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue, epicardial and pericardial fat by MRI in 75 nondiabetic men. Subjects were stratified by hepatic triglyceride content into low, moderate, and high liver fat groups. Myocardial triglyceride, epicardial and pericardial fat, VAT, and subcutaneous adipose tissue increased stepwise from low to high liver fat group. Parameters of LV diastolic function showed a stepwise decrease over tertiles of liver fat and VAT, and they were inversely correlated with hepatic triglyceride, VAT, and VAT/subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio. In multivariable analyses, hepatic triglyceride and VAT were independent predictors of LV diastolic function, whereas myocardial triglyceride was not associated with measures of diastolic function. Conclusions-Myocardial triglyceride, epicardial and pericardial fat increased with increasing amount of liver fat and VAT. Hepatic steatosis and VAT associated with significant changes in LV structure and function. The association of LV diastolic function with hepatic triglyceride and VAT may be because of toxic systemic effects. The effects of myocardial triglyceride on LV structure and function seem to be more complex than previously thought and merit further study. (Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8:e001979.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Ectopic Fat Depots and Left Ventricular Function in Nondiabetic Men With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Granér

Nyman

Sirén

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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“…Hypertriglyceridemia can still be indicative of fatty liver development that is related to smoking (Chiang et al 2009, Mallat & Lotersztajn 2010. Tobacco smoke is related to decreased Apo AI and other cardiometabolic alterations in children exposed to ETS (Nagel et al 2009); however, in our model, S pups had higher HDL-C levels suggesting an adaptive defense mechanism against tobacco smoke effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

Santos-Silva

Oliveira²,

Pinheiro³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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Exposure to tobacco smoke is related to changes in energy balance regulation and several endocrine dysfunctions. Previously, we showed that maternal nicotine (the main addictive compound of tobacco) exposure exclusively during lactation affects biochemical profiles in mothers, milk, and pups. As the possible consequences for mothers and offspring of maternal smoking during lactation are still unknown, we evaluated the effects of tobacco smoke exposure on nutritional, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in dams and pups at weaning. After 72 h from birth, lactating rats were divided into two groups: smoke-exposed (S) in a cigarette-smoking machine, 4!1 h per day throughout the lactation period without pups; control (C), rats were treated the same as the experimental group but exposed to filtered air. Dams and pups were killed at weaning (21 days of lactation). Body weight and food intake were evaluated. Milk, blood, visceral fat, adrenal, and carcass were collected. S dams showed hyperprolactinemia (C50%), hypoinsulinemia (K40%), hypoleptinemia (K46%), as well as lower triglycerides (K53%) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (K50%). Milk of S dams had higher lactose (C52%) and triglycerides (C78%). S pups presented higher body protein (C17%), lower total (K24%) and subcutaneous fat contents (K25%), hypoglycemia (K11%), hyperinsulinemia (C28%), hypocorticosteronemia (K40%), lower adrenal catecholamine content (K40%), hypertriglyceridemia (C34%), higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C16%), and lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (K45%). In conclusion, tobacco smoke exposure leads to changes in nutritional, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in dams and, passively through the milk, may promote several important metabolic disorders in the progeny.

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“…Adult obesity is often comorbid with many other chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, thereby reducing life expectancy [3]. Furthermore, in men of reproductive age the prevalence of obesity has tripled since the early 1970’s; occurring with a concomitant decline in male fertility [4–6]. An increased male BMI can reduce sperm count and motility, while increasing sperm DNA damage and reactive oxygen species, and disrupting mitochondrial activity [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm microRNA Content Is Altered in a Mouse Model of Male Obesity, but the Same Suite of microRNAs Are Not Altered in Offspring’s Sperm

Fullston

Ohlsson-Teague

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and has tripled in men of reproductive age since the 1970s. Concerningly, obesity is not only comorbid with other chronic diseases, but there is mounting evidence that it increases the non-communicable disease load in their children (eg mortality, obesity, autism). Animal studies have demonstrated that paternal obesity increases the risk of metabolic (eg glucose metabolism defects, obesity) and reproductive disorders in offspring. Epigenetic changes within sperm are clear mechanistic candidates that are associated with both changes to the father’s environment and offspring phenotype. Specifically there is emerging evidence that a father’s sperm microRNA content both responds to paternal environmental cues and alters the gene expression profile and subsequent development of the early embryo. We used a mouse model of high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity to investigate whether male obesity could modulate sperm microRNA content. We also investigated whether this alteration to a father’s sperm microRNA content lead to a similar change in the sperm of male offspring. Our investigations were initially guided by a Taqman PCR array, which indicated the differential abundance of 28 sperm borne microRNAs in HFD mice. qPCR confirmation in a much larger cohort of founder males demonstrated that 13 of these microRNAs were differentially abundant (11 up-regulated; 2 down-regulated) due to HFD feeding. Despite metabolic and reproductive phenotypes also being observed in grand-offspring fathered via the male offspring lineage, there was no evidence that any of the 13 microRNAs were also dysregulated in male offspring sperm. This was presumably due to the variation seen within both groups of offspring and suggests other mechanisms might act between offspring and grand-offspring. Thus 13 sperm borne microRNAs are modulated by a father’s HFD and the presumed transfer of this altered microRNA payload to the embryo at fertilisation potentially acts to alter the embryonic molecular makeup post-fertilisation, altering its growth trajectory, ultimately affecting adult offspring phenotype and may contribute to paternal programming.

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Synergistic effect of fatty liver and smoking on metabolicsyndrome

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Ectopic Fat Depots and Left Ventricular Function in Nondiabetic Men With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ectopic Fat Depots and Left Ventricular Function in Nondiabetic Men With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

Sperm microRNA Content Is Altered in a Mouse Model of Male Obesity, but the Same Suite of microRNAs Are Not Altered in Offspring’s Sperm

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