Synergistic effect of microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste and tricresyl phosphate on the properties of polylactide composites

Enhanced Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid Composites with Phytate-Chelated Nanotitanium Dioxide-Modified Bagasse Cellulose

“…Figure b shows the XRD patterns of MBC, A-MBC, nano-TiO 2 , and A-MBC/PA/A-TiO 2 . MBC and A-MBC exhibit three typical diffraction peaks at 2θ = 14.8, 16.4, and 22.4°, which correspond to the (1-10), (110), and (200) diffraction planes, respectively, of cellulose. , In both cases, the positions and intensities of the cellulose peaks are similar, indicating that the crystal structure of MBC did not change after APTES silylation. A-TiO 2 shows three obvious diffraction peaks at 2θ = 25.4, 37.9, and 48.2°, which correspond to the (101), (004), and (200) diffraction planes, respectively, of crystalline TiO 2 .…”

“…Polylactic acid (PLA) has been commercialized and produced on a large scale because of its good mechanical properties, processability, and biodegradability, which are similar to those of petroleum-based plastics. − Nonetheless, owing to its highly flammable nature, PLA undergoes melt dripping and promotes rapid fire spreading during combustion, which greatly limits its suitability for applications requiring flame retardancy. , Currently, flame retardants for PLA can be divided into two categories: reactive and additive. In the reactive approach, flame-retardant groups containing N, P, and Si are grafted onto the PLA main chain, whereas the additive approach involves melt blending or solution mixing a flame retardant with PLA .…”

Exploiting Waste towards More Sustainable Flame-Retardant Solutions for Polymers: A Review

“…PLA. Suparanon et al [118] found that CNFs can enhance the flame retardancy of PLA composites after surface treatment. They extracted microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and synthesized it as polylactide composite additives.…”

Preparation of a novel bio‐based ferric flame retardant for enhancing flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of polylactic acid

“…3 Among them, polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising green biodegradable materials due to its excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, transparency and raw materials from natural sources (corn, wheat, and cassava), which are widely used in medicine, packaging and plastic parts. [4][5][6][7][8][9] However, the oxygen index of PLA is only 19% and its flammability severely limits its wide application, [10][11][12][13] so it is necessary to improve the flame-retardant properties of PLA to broaden its application prospects.…”

“…At the same time, against the background of the shortage of petroleum resources, 2 the development of green and environmentally friendly bio‐based biodegradable materials using renewable resources has attracted the research interest of many scholars 3 . Among them, polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising green biodegradable materials due to its excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, transparency and raw materials from natural sources (corn, wheat, and cassava), which are widely used in medicine, packaging and plastic parts 4–9 . However, the oxygen index of PLA is only 19% and its flammability severely limits its wide application, 10–13 so it is necessary to improve the flame‐retardant properties of PLA to broaden its application prospects.…”