Synergistic effect of plasma nitriding and bias voltage on the adhesion of diamond-like carbon coatings on M2 steel by PECVD

Moreno-Bárcenas, Alejandra; Alvarado-Orozco, J.M.; Carmona, Jesús; Mondragón-Rodríguez, G.C.; González‐Hernández, J.; García‐García, Alejandra

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.06.014

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A summary of the different critical loads (LC1, LC2, and LC3) for both types of DLC coatings is presented in Table 2. defined at around 40 N, whereas the last coating between the indenter and substrate (LC3) appeared at about 60 N. These results of the adhesion test are higher than those reported in Reference [22], showing an LC3 value of 35 N, or in Reference [23], with a value of 16 up to 40 N in non-nitrided steels as a function of the bias voltage. In this sense, by using different biases, similar results were reported in Reference [25], with an LC3 value of 55 N, although this work presented multilayered coatings.…”

Section: Adhesion Testcontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…In both figures, the acoustic emission (AE) and the coefficient of friction (COF) are represented, which establish a relationship between the normal and tangential forces, respectively. According to this, on one hand, in Figure 7, the ta-C DLC coating presented the first cohesive failure (LC1) at about 12 N and the first adhesive failure (LC2) at around 20 N, whereas the appearance of the substrate (LC3) occurred at around 50 N. On the other hand, in Figure 8, it can be clearly observed that the adhesion related to the WC:C coating was better than the ta-C coating because LC2 was defined at around 40 N, whereas the last coating between the indenter and substrate (LC3) appeared at about 60 N. These results of the adhesion test are higher than those reported in Reference [22], showing an LC3 value of 35 N, or in Reference [23], with a value of 16 up to 40 N in non-nitrided steels as a function of the bias voltage. In this sense, by using different biases, similar results were reported in Reference [25], with an LC3 value of 55 N, although this work presented multilayered coatings.…”

Section: Adhesion Testmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In recent works, different adhesion values related to DLC coatings were reported, showing the scratch mark at 20 N load [21] or at approximately 35 N load [22], although these values are low for the aforementioned industrial applications. Another alternative to increase the adhesion is based on a previous thermochemical pretreatment such as plasma nitriding [23], although this type of treatment could penalize the corrosion resistance of the metallic substrate [24]. However, a promising result was presented in Reference [25], where the deposition of multilayered coatings by combining both filtered cathodic vacuum arc and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) led to an improvement in the adhesion strength, going up to 63 N. This aspect of the adhesion enhancement of DLC hard coatings by HiPIMS metal ion etching pretreatment was also observed in Reference [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study in the Tribological Behavior of DLC Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS Technology with Positive Pulses

Garcı́a

Rivero

Barba³

et al. 2020

Metals

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During the last few decades, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were widely used for tribological applications, being an effective tool for improving the performance and the useful life of different machining tools. Despite its excellent properties, among which stand out a high hardness, a very low friction coefficient, and even an excellent wear resistance, one of the main drawbacks which limits its corresponding industrial applicability is the resultant adhesion in comparison with other commercially available deposition techniques. In this work, it is reported the tribological results of a scratch test, wear resistance, and nanoindentation of ta-C and WC:C DLC coatings deposited by means of a novel high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technology with “positive pulses”. The coatings were deposited on 1.2379 tool steel which is of a high interest due to its great and wide industrial applicability. Finally, experimental results showed a considerable improvement in the tribological properties such as wear resistance and adhesion of both types of DLC coatings. In addition, it was also observed that the role of doping with W enables a significant enhancement on the adhesion for extremely high critical loads in the scratch tests.

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Section: Adhesion Testcontrasting

confidence: 50%

Section: Adhesion Testmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Comparative Study in the Tribological Behavior of DLC Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS Technology with Positive Pulses

Garcı́a

Rivero

Barba³

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…As reported in the literature [18], amorphous carbon film presents bands in the region of 3100 to 2700 cm −1 . In this work, the FTIR spectra show CH 3 bonds with bend mode in 1450 cm −1 , C=C bonds in the region of 1680 to 1600 cm −1 , C≡C bonds in 2250 to 2100 cm −1 , and carbon bonds in 900 to 690 cm −1 denote the aromatic presence with out of plane bend [44].…”

Section: Formation Of the A-c:h And A-c:h(n) Filmmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…However, the increase in the voltage influences the displacement of the G band to smaller numbers of Raman shift. The voltage of 600 V (a-C:H-600V) causes the highest displacement from 1560 to 1492 cm −1 , as shown in figure 3(a), indicating the formation of cyclic structures in carbon atoms with sp 2 hybridization [44].…”

Section: Formation Of the A-c:h And A-c:h(n) Filmmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of nitrogen in the properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on Ti₆Al₄V substrate

Almeida

Souza

Costa

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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The great interest in the study of diamond-like carbon films (a-C:H) is justified by its mechanical and tribological properties. However, the high internal stress of the film results in its difficult adhesion to the metallic substrate, which can be solved by nitrogen incorporation in the a-C:H film, allowing a formed film of lower internal stress. The objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of flow (20, 30 and 40sccm), CH 4 /Ar ratio (90/10 and 70/30) and voltage (400, 500, 600 and 700 V) in the a-C:H formation. For the best condition of the film, we studied the effect of nitrogen incorporation in the hardness and wear resistance of the a-C:H(N), modifying the nitrogen percentage in the treatment at 10% to 60% N 2 . The treatments were carried out in the Ti 6 Al 4 V substrate by DC-PECVD for two hours. For good adhesion of the films on the substrate, a silicon interlayer must be produced. The increase in the voltage above 600 V increases the I D /I G and film thickness, causing its delamination, and the gas ratio did not influence the a-C:H characteristics. The a-C:H film deposited with 30 sccm, 90/10 and 500 V was characterized as a-C:H (hard), with properties such as the hardness of 17 GPa, 30% H, 39% sp 3 and I D /I G ratio of 0.58. Since nitrogen reduced the deposition rate, the total gas flow for the production of a-C:H(N) was performed with 40 sccm. The Raman spectra of a-C:H(N) films showed changes in D band intensity and displacement in relation to the nitrogen-free film spectrum, evidencing the incorporation of nitrogen in the film. The XPS analysis showed the linear increase of the nitrogen incorporation in the a-C:H(N) film with the increase of the amount of the N 2 gas in the treatment, which caused, in general, a decrease in the amount of C-C sp 3 bonding, increasing the adhesion of the film in the substrate and not necessarily the low wear resistance of the formed film.According to Robertson [4] the DLC film that presents hydrogen concentrations between 30 and 50% receives the nomenclature of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H), and presents lower hardness and internal stress than ta-C, facilitating the adhesion process of the film in the metallic substrates. This occurs due to sp 2 bonds formed in detriment of sp 3 bonds.The DLC films have been used in a variety of applications due to their notable properties, as protective coatings against wear and corrosion, in optical windows (optical filters), data storage hard drives, high performance automotive parts, coatings for biomedical products and electromechanical microdevices [9][10][11][12].However, as reported by Chen et al [13] and confirmed by Cemin et al [11], the high intrinsic compressive stress of the film, the high variation of the elastic coefficient, the difference in thermal expansion and the low chemical affinity between DLC and substrate difficult the adhesion process of the DLC film mainly when deposited on metallic surfaces. Thus, the use of techniques as oxide layer removal and the use of film interlayer previously to ...

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Amorphous Carbon Coatings for Sheet-Bulk Metal Forming Tools

Weikert

Tremmel

2020

Lecture Notes in Production Engineering

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Synergistic effect of plasma nitriding and bias voltage on the adhesion of diamond-like carbon coatings on M2 steel by PECVD

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

A Comparative Study in the Tribological Behavior of DLC Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS Technology with Positive Pulses

A Comparative Study in the Tribological Behavior of DLC Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS Technology with Positive Pulses

Effect of nitrogen in the properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on Ti₆Al₄V substrate

Amorphous Carbon Coatings for Sheet-Bulk Metal Forming Tools

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Synergistic effect of plasma nitriding and bias voltage on the adhesion of diamond-like carbon coatings on M2 steel by PECVD

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

A Comparative Study in the Tribological Behavior of DLC Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS Technology with Positive Pulses

A Comparative Study in the Tribological Behavior of DLC Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS Technology with Positive Pulses

Effect of nitrogen in the properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on Ti6Al4V substrate

Amorphous Carbon Coatings for Sheet-Bulk Metal Forming Tools

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Product

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Effect of nitrogen in the properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on Ti₆Al₄V substrate