Synergistic Effect of Reductase and Keratinase for Facile Synthesis of Protein-Coated Gold Nanoparticles

Gupta, Sonali; Singh, Surinder P.; Singh, Rajni

doi:10.4014/jmb.1411.11022

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The results indicate that the reductase enzyme responsible for the reduction of metal ions is NADPH-dependent. NADPH is a cofactor for this biological transformation 22. Our reports are also correlated with Kumar et al (2007) who reported the reduction of gold ions to gold nanoparticles by α-NADPH-dependent sulfite reductase and phytochelatin 23.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

<p>Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains</p>

Sreedharan

Singh

2019

IJN

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PurposeAntibiotics are currently being rendered non-functional by the rising incidence of multi-drug resistance amongst pathogenic bacteria. Research has now been focused on developing solutions to this problem by creating new antibiotics and enhancing the functionality of the existing ones.Patients and methodsIn the present study, ciprofloxacin was conjugated to biogenic gold nanoflowers (GNFs) from Bacillus subtilis RSB64 by a robust adsorption method under optimized conditions. The resultant drug–nanoflower conjugate was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Addition of ciprofloxacin to gold nanoflowers changed the extinction spectrum towards longer wavelength. The ciprofloxacin-conjugated gold nanoflowers were tested for the drug release statistically. The prepared nanoflower–drug conjugate was subjected to an in vitro microbiological assay against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains to verify the effect of GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugate on the cell growth inhibitory activity of ciprofloxacin.ResultsThe GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugates demonstrated enhanced bactericidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria as compared to Gram-positive. The enhancement of the antibacterial activity of the nanoflower–drug conjugate could be attributed to the interaction of the conjugate with phosphate/amine group of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacterial cell wall making them susceptible to the antibacterial effect of the conjugate.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the positive attributes of GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugates as a promising antibacterial therapeutic agent against pathogens.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

<p>Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains</p>

Sreedharan

Singh

2019

IJN

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“…Bacterial ability in degrading feather was associated with two enzymes, serine protease and disulphide reductase as showed by Stenotrophomonas sp. D-1 5,17,18 . As far as we know, no report of A. chroococcum was as keratinolytic bacteria.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Chicken Feather Degradation By Azotobmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratinase Activity of A Newly Keratinolytic Bacteria, Azotobacter chroococcum B4

Mamangkey¹,

Suryanto²,

Munir³

et al. 2020

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Keratinase is a proteolytic enzyme capable on degrading the hardy polymeric biomolecule or keratin. In recent days, the utilization of keratinolytic microorganisms is seen as a promising way in recycling the keratin wastes from the avian and mammalians into valuable derived products. Previous study has reported the presence of a keratinolytic bacterium, later identified as Azotobacter chroococcum B4 obtained from dump soils. The present study investigates the enzyme characteristics of keratinase produced by this strain based on the physical appearance of final degraded product using SEM, the molecular weight of keratinase using SDS-PAGE, the effects of nutrition (C/N-source) on strain production of keratinase and the enzyme stability in metal ions solution. The molecular weight of keratinase produced by A. chroococcum B4 was about 30 kDa. Both sucrose and tryptone supplementation increase the keratinase activity by 71.7 and 97.8 U/mL after 96 h of cultivation. Metal ions, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Na + , and K + are regarded as activators by increasing the relative activity of keratinase by 117, 166, 111, 113, and 112% respectively, while phenylmethylsulfonyl flouride (PMSF) is regarded as inhibitor by decreasing the relative activity down to 31%. Based on the metal ion characteristics, this strain produced a serine-protease type of keratinase which may further studied for its application in the field.

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“…Psoriasis lesions are noticeably thickened and thinned epidermis with heterogeneity in the skin morphology leads to variability in drug permeation and their systemic absorption [6]. We are working on the Bacillus subtilis keratinase since last 6 years and found promising hydrolyzing proficiency towards keratin which would be a subject of substantial scientific interest towards psoriasis treatment [2,7]. Present study demonstrated the expression of ker gene in E. coli and in silico binding affinities of deduced protein with psoriasis topical drugs using docking studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The keratinolytic activity of strain was determined by using the cell free extract of feather media as per the protocol published in our previous paper [7].…”

Section: Assay Of Keratinolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Modeling of Cloned Bacillus subtilis Keratinase and Its Insinuation in Psoriasis Treatment Using Docking Studies

et al. 2017

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Present study demonstrated the expression of cloned RSE163 keratinase gene and in silico binding affinities of deduced protein with psoriasis topical drugs for systemic absorption and permeation through skin. The gene expressed in showed significantly higher keratinase activity 450 ± 10.43 U representing 1342 bp nucleotides encoding 447 amino acids with molecular weight of 46 kDa. The modeled structure was validated using ramachandran's plot showing 305 residues (84.3%) in most favoured region. Docking studies using extra precision (XP) method of Glide showed optimum binding affinities with the drugs Acitretin (- 39.62 kcal/mol), Clobetasol propionate (- 37.90 kcal/mol), Fluticasone (- 38.53 kcal/mol), Desonide (- 32.23 kcal/mol), Anthralin (- 38.04 kcal/mol), Calcipotreine (- 21.55 kcal/mol) and Mometasone (- 28.40 kcal/mol) in comparison to other psoriasis drugs. The results can further be correlated with in vitro enzymatic experiments using keratinase as an effective drug mediator through skin to serve the unmet need of industries.

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Synergistic Effect of Reductase and Keratinase for Facile Synthesis of Protein-Coated Gold Nanoparticles

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

<p>Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains</p>

<p>Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains</p>

Keratinase Activity of A Newly Keratinolytic Bacteria, Azotobacter chroococcum B4

Molecular Modeling of Cloned Bacillus subtilis Keratinase and Its Insinuation in Psoriasis Treatment Using Docking Studies

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