Synergistic effects of contamination and low energy space protons on solar cell current output

Liu, D L; Liu, S H; Panetta, Christopher J.; Hong, S M; Olson, Keith R.; Alaan, Diana R.; Mann, Colin J.; Luey, Kenneth T.

doi:10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186261

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Following the explanation of this phenomenon, the general practice has been to be completely cover semiconductor solar cells in space with thin coverglass to prevent lower energy particles from reaching the active material (Tada et al, 1982). Coverglass darkening by 10's-100's of keV protons, particularly in the presence of contamination, a problem recognized on ATS-1 (Hughes Aircraft Company, 1968), continues to be an area of active research (e.g., Liu et al, 2011). On the Chandra X-ray Observatory, 100-300 keV protons damage the frontilluminated charge-coupled devices (CCDs) in the advanced CCD imaging spectrometer (ACIS), causing increased chargetransfer inefficiency and thus degraded energy resolution (O'Dell et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-orbit calibration of geostationary electron and proton flux observations for augmentation of an existing empirical radiation model

Rodriguez

Denton

Henderson

2020

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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Challenges faced in the quantitative use of long-term radiation belt data sets include establishing their relative accuracy and correcting for on-orbit degradation. An existing empirical model of energetic plasmas (0.001–40 keV) in geosynchronous orbit has been extended in energy to several hundred keV by incorporating observations from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) 13 and 15 magnetospheric electron detector (MAGED) and magnetospheric proton detector (MAGPD). In order to ensure the accuracy of this energy range extension, the following steps were taken: (1) removing noise bursts; (2) intra-calibrating the nine solid state telescopes comprising each MAGED or MAGPD; (3) cross-calibrating GOES 13 and 15; and (4) cross-calibrating magnetospheric plasma analyzer (MPA) and GOES fluxes, the necessary final step in augmenting an MPA-based model with GOES data. The MAGED and MPA electron fluxes were demonstrated to agree well at the energy (40 keV) where they overlap, while the MAGPD proton fluxes exhibited a severe long-term degradation compared to MPA. This problem is related to the well-known long-term degradation of the proton fluxes from the similar medium energy proton and electron detector (MEPED) proton telescopes on the POES and Metop satellites in low-Earth orbit. Results of this on-orbit calibration work are used to reconsider long-standing hypotheses about the cause of degradation in similar proton telescopes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%