Synergistic Effects of Four Heavy Metals on Photobacterium

Abstract

The synergistic effects of mixtures of CdCl2, Ni (NO3)2, CuSO4, and ZnSO4 on photobacterium Q67 were predicted and evaluated by using models of concentration addition (CA), independent action (IA), effect summation (ES), ES with the exponent e (ESE), ES with the power of the number of components n (ESN), and integrated CA with IA based on multiple linear regression (MLR) model (ICIM). The effects of all mixtures were underestimated by CA, IA, ES, ESE, and ESN models, but were effectively predicted by the ICIM model.