Synergistic Effects of Growth Factor, Bone Graft, and Resorbable Barrier Membrane in Management of Dehiscence and Fenestration of Dental Implants

Abstract

Aim: The present study was primarily designed to evaluate the outcome of guided bone graft regeneration in peri-implant defects by combining recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) and granules of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) mounted by resorbable biomesh membrane. Secondary objective was to determine the value of resorbable barrier membrane to improve the efficacy of the growth factormediated regeneration. Materials and methods:A randomized controlled study comprised 14 participants (8 males and 6 females, mean age 37 years, range 19-55 years), in which a total of 15 implants (10 in maxilla and 5 in the mandible) were placed. Fifteen implant sites were randomly divided by picking a code into three groups: Test group I (n = 5) β-TCP + rhPDGF (0.3 mg/mL) + biomesh, test group II (n = 5) β-TCP + rhPDGF, and control (n = 5) β-TCP + biomesh. The experimental site was examined clinically for the gingival status and radiographically for the bone status.Results: Statistically significant difference in preoperative and postoperative measurements was observed for test groups I and II in all the parameters except width; in contrast, there was no significant difference observed for the control group from baseline to 5 months postoperatively. On intergroup comparison, statistically significant difference was observed between test group I vs control group and test group II vs control group, but it was not significant between test groups I and II, which was further confirmed using global performance scale score. Conclusion:It concluded that rhPDGF-BB and β-TCP mounted by resorbable biomesh membrane played a synergistic role in the management of peri-implant defects.Clinical significance: Bone regenerated using β-TCP with rhPDGF-BB in the reversal of peri-implant defects.