Synergistic effects of radiotherapy and targeted immunotherapy in improving tumor treatment efficacy: a review

Dar, Tahir B.; Biteghe, Fleury Augustin Nsole; Kakar-Bhanot, Ruchi; Aniogo, Eric Chekwebe; Malindi, Zaria; Akinrinmade, Olusiji A.; Chalomie, Nyangone Ekome Toung; Kombe, Arnaud John Kombe; Angone, Sophie Aboughe; Ndong, Jean Marc Ngome; Ndong, Jean Delacroix

doi:10.1007/s12094-022-02888-7

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Besides, another recent review sums up that chemotherapy involves the anticancer immunity activation by releasing immunostimulatory molecules from dying tumor cells and mediating of-target efect of immune cells, which contributes to the enhancement of the antitumor efect of PD-1 inhibitor [29]. Regarding radiotherapy, several recent reviews summarize that radiotherapy not only kills tumor cells directly but also modifes tumor microenvironment to promote the recognition of tumor cells by immune system; meanwhile, it can upregulate tumor-related antigens, stimulate the secretion of cytokines, and induce the proliferation of CD8 + T cells, therefore synergizing with PD-1 inhibitor [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neoadjuvant Administration of PD-1 Inhibitor plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma

Chen,

Zhu,

Lan

et al. 2024

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics

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Objective. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors have shown potency for neoadjuvant therapy in several cancers, while their administration combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) as a neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) is seldom reported. The current study aimed to investigate the pathological response, survival, and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor plus CCRT in locally advanced ESCC patients. Methods. Twenty-five locally advanced ESCC patients who underwent PD-1 inhibitor plus CCRT neoadjuvant therapy were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding radiological response, pathological response, disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events were retrieved. Results. Two (8.0%), 14 (56.0%), 9 (36.0%), and 0 (0.0%) patients had a clinical response of complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease after neoadjuvant therapy by radiological evaluations, respectively. Notably, 25 (100.0%) patients had successful tumor resections, 24 (96.0%) patients realized R0 resection, and 13 (52.0%) patients achieved pathological complete response (pCR) by pathological evaluations. Regarding survival profiles, the 1-year and 2-year accumulating DFS rates were 90.0% and 74.6%, respectively; then, the 1-year and 2-year accumulating OS rates were 95.5% and 90.4%, respectively. The top prevalent adverse events were fatigue (48.0%), nausea and vomiting (40.0%), leukopenia (36.0%), neutropenia (36.0%), and peripheral neuropathy (36.0%). In addition, grades 3-4 adverse events included peripheral neuropathy (12.0%), nausea and vomiting (4.0%), leukopenia (4.0%), neutropenia (4.0%), anemia (4.0%), and pruritus (4.0%). Conclusion. Neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor plus CCRT shows a good efficacy and acceptable tolerance for locally advanced ESCC treatment, but further large-scale study validation is needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neoadjuvant Administration of PD-1 Inhibitor plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma

Chen,

Zhu,

Lan

et al. 2024

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics

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“…Despite the many advantages of RT in cancer treatment, like the possibility of treating different tumour types, alleviating cancer pain and being combined with other anticancer treatments, RT is a challenging treatment as it might damage healthy cells and cause the development of cancer cell radioresistance, tumour recurrence and the development of other types of cancers [ 21 , 67 – 69 ]. To improve the therapeutic effect of ionizing radiation researchers mainly aim at confining the radiation dose to the tumour volume and at improving tumor tissue radiosensitization [ 29 ].…”

Section: Ros-based Cytotoxic Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROS-generating nanoplatforms as selective and tunable therapeutic weapons against cancer

Foglietta,

Serpe,

Canaparo

2023

Discover Nano

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Reactive species refers to a group of chemicals, mainly reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), that are naturally formed by cells as a byproduct of cell metabolism and regulated by various internal and external factors. Due to their highly chemical reactivity, ROS play a crucial role in physiological and pathological processes which is why studies on ROS regulation for disease treatment show attracted increasing interest. Notably, ROS are now studied as a powerful therapeutic weapon in ROS-regulating therapies such as ROS-based cytotoxic therapies mediated by ROS-increasing agents for cancer treatment. Thanks to the significant progress in nanotechnology, innovative nanoplatforms with ROS-regulating activities have been developed to look for effective ROS-related nanomedicines. In this review, studies on ROS-based cytotoxic therapies against cancer as photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), radiation therapy (RT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) are discussed, with a focus on the stimuli-responsive ROS-generating nanoplatforms developed for breaking the current therapeutic limits of ROS-based cytotoxic therapies. Finally, we suppose that our review on this developing field will be valuable for promoting the progress of ROS-based cytotoxic therapies not only in basic research but overall, in translational research and clinical application.

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“…In this sense, radiotherapy can upregulate the expression of the immune checkpoint PD-L1, thereby inhibiting T-cell activation ( Deng et al., 2014 ; Twyman-Saint Victor et al., 2015 ). Furthermore, radiotherapy may contribute to resistance mechanisms by reshaping immune cells in the tumor microenvironment towards an immunosuppressive phenotype ( Dar et al., 2022 ). Whereas low-dose radiation can switch tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) towards the M1 phenotype (pro-inflammatory/anti-tumorigenic), high-dose radiation promotes the M2 phenotype (anti-inflammatory/pro-tumorigenic) ( Klug et al., 2013 ; Prakash et al., 2016 ; Seifert et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Combined Radio- and Immunotherapy Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the role of the gut microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in radio- and immunotherapy treatment of colorectal cancer

Van Dingenen,

Segers,

Wouters

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and poses a major burden on the human health worldwide. At the moment, treatment of CRC consists of surgery in combination with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. More recently, immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have also been approved for CRC treatment. In addition, recent studies have shown that radiotherapy and ICBs act synergistically, with radiotherapy stimulating the immune system that is activated by ICBs. However, both treatments are also associated with severe toxicity and efficacy issues, which can lead to temporary or permanent discontinuation of these treatment programs. There's growing evidence pointing to the gut microbiome playing a role in these issues. Some microorganisms seem to contribute to radiotherapy-associated toxicity and hinder ICB efficacy, while others seem to reduce radiotherapy-associated toxicity or enhance ICB efficacy. Consequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to reduce radio- and immunotherapy-related toxicity and enhance their efficacies. Here, we have reviewed the currently available preclinical and clinical data in CRC treatment, with a focus on how the gut microbiome influences radio- and immunotherapy toxicity and efficacy and if these treatments could benefit from FMT.

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Synergistic effects of radiotherapy and targeted immunotherapy in improving tumor treatment efficacy: a review

Cited by 7 publications

References 137 publications

The Neoadjuvant Administration of PD-1 Inhibitor plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma

The Neoadjuvant Administration of PD-1 Inhibitor plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma

ROS-generating nanoplatforms as selective and tunable therapeutic weapons against cancer

Dissecting the role of the gut microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in radio- and immunotherapy treatment of colorectal cancer

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