Synergistic effects of HSE and LTR elements from hsp70 gene promoter of Ulva prolifera (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) upon temperature induction¹

Abstract

Besides heat stress, the 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70s) have been shown to respond to cold stress. However, the involved cis‐acting elements remain unknown. The hsp70 gene from the green macroalga Ulva prolifera (Uphsp70) has been cloned, from which one heat shock element HSE and one low‐temperature‐responsive element LTR were found in the promoter. Using the established transient expression system and quantitative GUS assay, a series of element deletion experiments were performed to determine the functions of HSE and LTR in response to temperature stress. The results showed that under cold stress, both HSE and LTR were indispensable, since deletion leads to complete loss of promoter activity. Under heat stress, although the HSE could respond independently, coexistence with LTR was essential for high induced activity of the Uphsp70 promoter. Therefore, synergistic effects exist between HSE and LTR elements in response to temperature stress in Ulva, and extensive bioinformatics analysis showed that the mechanism is widespread in algae and plants, since LTR coexists widely with HSE in the promoter region of hsp70. Our findings provide important supplements to the knowledge of algal and plant HSP70s response to temperature stress. We speculated that for algal domestication and artificial breeding, HSE and LTR elements might serve as potential molecular targets to temperature acclimation.

The IbPYL8–IbbHLH66–IbbHLH118 complex mediates the abscisic acid‐dependent drought response in sweet potato

“…The IbbHLH118 promoter regions in Xushu55‐2 and Lizixiang both contain various abiotic stress‐responsive elements, such as ACGT‐containing ABA response elements (ABREs; Sonal et al ., 2014), MYB binding sites (MBSs; Karkute et al ., 2018), and long terminal repeats (LTRs; Wu et al ., 2019) (Fig. S1c).…”

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the NAC Gene Family in Kandelia obovata, a Typical Mangrove Plant

“…Moreover, various stress-related cis-regulatory elements were identified from the promoters of these Ko NAC genes ( Figure 7 b). The LTR element is an indispensable cis-acting element in plant response to low temperature [ 78 , 79 ]. Deletion of the LTR element will result in complete loss of promoter activity under cold stress [ 79 ].…”

“…The LTR element is an indispensable cis-acting element in plant response to low temperature [ 78 , 79 ]. Deletion of the LTR element will result in complete loss of promoter activity under cold stress [ 79 ]. STRE is a common cis-regulatory element in eukaryotes, and involved in response to multiple environmental stimuli [ 80 ].…”

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of Tubby-like Protein (TLP) Gene Family Members in Woodland Strawberry (Fragaria vesca)

“…LTR cis -element has been shown to play key roles in the response to low-temperature stress [ 52 ]. MdbHLH33 binds to the promoter of MdCBF2 at the LTR cis -acting element to activate the expression of MdCBF2 , which enhances the cold tolerance of transgenic callus [ 53 ].…”