“…The number of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms is given as n C , n O and n H , respectively. The binding interaction of VOCs onto the GO slab can be understood as the difference in total energy when an analyte is adsorbed onto the sensor substrate and can be mathematically expressed as 58 E ads = E GO+VOC − ( E GO + E VOC )where E GO+VOC , E GO , and E VOC are the total energies for the VOC-loaded GO, the GO slab, and a VOC molecule, respectively. To calculate the distribution of charge due to the transfer of electrons between GO and VOC molecule, population analysis was performed via Löwdin charge analysis.…”